HIGHLIGHTS Trichoderma inoculation increased the total biomass, seedling height, root length, area, diameter, number of tips, and growth potential seedlings. increases resistance bean plant to Rhizoctonia pathogen. Among improved isolates Trichoderma, ChBD13 ChBD15 showed better performance in terms growth.

An alternative to land spreading of manure is to grow crops of algae on the N and P present in the manure and convert manure N and P into algal biomass. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fertilizer value of dried algal biomass that had been grown using anaerobically digested dairy manure. Results from a flask study using two soils amended with algal biomass showed that 3% of total...

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial plant symbionts that have been successfully used in agriculture to increase seedling emergence, plant weight, crop yield, and disease resistance. Some PGPR strains release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can directly and/or indirectly mediate increases in plant biomass, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance. This mini-...

In a 4-year study, we investigated changes in leaf physiology, crown morphology and whole-tree biomass allocation in seedlings and saplings of shade-tolerant sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and intermediate shade-tolerant yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) growing in natural understory light (0.5 to 35% of full sunlight) or in understory light reduced by 50% with shade nets to simu...

Fire disturbance is considered a major factor in the promotion of non-native plant species. Non-native grasses are adapted to fire and can alter environmental conditions and reduce resource availability in native coastal sage scrub and chaparral communities of southern California. In these communities persistence of non-native grasses following fire can inhibit establishment and growth of woody...

We examined the effects of living plant neighbors and litter on the performance of a native C4 grass, Andropogon gerardi, at five old-field sites that differ in community biomass and soil fertility. We used plant removal experiments in which both living neighbors and litter were manipulated in a factorial arrangement of treatments over one growing season. Andropogon was added to treatment plots...

In this study, the growth periods of summer maize were divided into seedling, booting and flowering-grain stage. Based on simulation results AquaCrop model, drought loss sensitivity in different was analyzed. The curves fitting using soil moisture content effective root zone fixed layer both indicated that stage most sensitive to water stress, which critical period for irrigation, followed by s...

The production of morphologically different seeds or fruits by the same individual plant is known as seed heteromorphism. Such variation is expected to be selected for in disturbance-prone environments to allow germination into inherently variable regeneration niches. However, there are few demonstrations that heteromorphic seed characteristics should be favored by selection or how they may be ...

Background: The conventional fertilization regime ignores the allometric characteristics of Quercus nuttallii seedlings, challenging them to meet nutritional needs at each growth stage. This study was conducted determine impact exponential on and nutrient status Q. container seedlings. Methods: Two regimes (average/exponential) were performed varied gradients (0, 300, 500, 700, 900 mg/seedling)...