Hashimoto’s patients have in some cases both stimulating and blocking antibodies [2, 3]. It stands to reason that if the patient is hypothyroid, then blocking antibody avidity and/ or titer would dominate irrespective of the presence of stimulating antibodies. There is a growing list of publications that show the prevalence of TSHR stimulating autoantibodies in HT patients using bioassays. Wall...

New technologies for the production of peat-substitutes are required to meet rising demand growing media in horticulture and need preserve natural peatlands. Hydrothermal conversion organic residues into char materials, hydrochars, with peat-like properties may produce such substitutes, reducing environmental impacts CO2 emissions from improper management. To assess their potential as a compone...

ABSTRACT Pre-emergence herbicides, such as indaziflam, have agronomic efficiency when available in the soil solution, mainly superficial layer (0-10 cm), region with highest concentration of weed seed bank. However, information about sorption indaziflam Brazilian soils still is scarce, since most studies literature were conducted temperate regions. The objective this study was to estimate using...

Aedes aegypti L. is the mosquito vector of yellow fever, dengue, zika, and chikungunya viruses. The prevention control such diseases usually rely on use chemicals, that can cause harm to human health environment. Vegetable oils with larvicidal activity are used as an alternative tool this insect. This study aimed evaluate vegetable from Caryocar coriaceum, Mauritia fIexuosa, Carapa guianensis, ...

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Homoptera: Aphididae), is a recent introduction (2000) from Asia and has become a serious soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. (Fabaceae)] pest in North America. Seed treatments using the neonicotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, have been suggested as a method of control, and the use of these insecticides is becoming widespread. As a con...

BACKGROUND Variation in response to insecticidal proteins is common upon repetition of insect bioassays. Understanding this variation is a prerequisite to detecting biologically important differences. We tracked neonate Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) susceptibility to Vip3Aa19 over 17 generations using standardized bioassay methods. Five larval pretreatment conditions and one bioassay condi...

Abstract Background and Aims: The Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) is a baculovirus and very effective biological control agent against apple pest, codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. especially for healthy organic apple production and protection.  Not only, screening of CpGV isolates via biochemical variation, but also their biological variation is practically necessary.  Howeve...

A major problem for the effective diagnosis and management of prion diseases is the lack of rapid high-throughput assays to measure low levels of prions. Such measurements have typically required prolonged bioassays in animals. Highly sensitive, but generally non-quantitative, prion detection methods have been developed based on prions' ability to seed the conversion of normally soluble proteas...

Background & Aim: Aphids are of serious pests and vectors of multitude of viral diseases of field crops, vegetables, ‎and greenhouse crops. They have displayed a remarkable ability to establish resistance to ‎almost every insecticide with which it has been treated. To reduce the damage of these pests ‎and dependence on the sometimes unwise use of synthetic pesticides in crop and vegetable ‎plan...