The spin-trapping method is introduced and discussed. Some chemistry of nitroxides and nitrones is reviewed. Pattern recognition of ESR spectra of nitroxides is outlined. Factors controlling the magnitude of hyperfine splitting constants are mentioned. Methods of assigning spin adducts are listed. Review articles in the literature are referenced. Results in the electrochemical reduction of halo...

The origin of carbon substrates used by in situ sedimentary bacterial communities was investigated in an intertidal mangrove ecosystem and in adjacent seagrass beds in Gazi bay (Kenya) by δ13C analysis of bacteria-specific PLFA (phospholipid fatty acids) and bulk organic carbon. Export of mangrove-derived organic matter to the adjacent seagrasscovered bay was evident from sedimentary total orga...

We studied the effect of seagrass (Cymodocea nodosa) colonization on community metabolism and sediment conditions. The biomass of C. nodosa increased with time after seagrass colonization. The biomass increased steadily during the 6.1 yr of colonization to 9.1 mol C m22. Gross primary production increased from 7 to 49.3 mmol C m22 d21 during the first stages of the colonization and then decreas...

Through direct transmetalation reaction of Z-vinylic tellurides with nBuLi was observed the unexpected isomerization of double bonds leading to potassium E-vinyltrifluoroborates salts in low to moderate yields. Using EPR spin trapping experiments the radical species that promoted the stereoinversion of Z-vinylic organometallic species during the preparation of potassium vinyltrifluoroborate sal...

This study provides insights into dune toe growth around and between individual brushwood lines of sand trapping fences at the coastal dunes using digital elevation models obtained from repeated unmanned aerial vehicle surveys. Prevailing boundary conditions, especially sediment supply, as well porosity arrangement installed significantly influence effectiveness different configurations fences....

Abstract A vortex tube ejector comprises a with slitted crown that lies flush across the entire width of channel bed surface. The and suspended loads are ejected minimal flushing water through slit same efficacy as any other alternative extractor. whirling flow phenomena duct very complex, so ordinary classical models have results contrary to required design guidelines. So, machine learning (ML...

In this work, we aim to identify the mineralization areas for the next exploration phases. Thus, the probabilistic clustering algorithms due to the use of appropriate measures, the possibility of working with datasets with missing values, and the lack of trapping in local optimal are used to determine the multi-element geochemical anomalies. Four probabilistic clustering algorithms, namely PHC,...

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) can increase the transfer and stock of organic carbon (OC) in surrounding sediments during their operational phase, while construction decommissioning release carbon. To answer question whether OWFs trap more OC than they release, we estimate net effect over entire life cycle (construction, phases) Southern North Sea. Based on existing studies compare increased flux d...