We discuss the statistical mechanics of a two-dimensional gas of nonAbelian Chern-Simons particles which obey the non-Abelian braid statistics. The second virial coefficient is evaluated in the framework of the non-Abelian Chern-Simons quantum mechanics. PACS numbers: 03.65.Bz, 05.30.-d Typeset using REVTEX 1 One of the novel features of anyons [1] is that their thermodynamic character as well ...

Can nonspecifically bound divalent counterions induce attraction between DNA strands? Here, we present experimental evidence demonstrating attraction between short DNA strands mediated by Mg2+ ions. Solution small angle x-ray scattering data collected as a function of DNA concentration enable model independent extraction of the second virial coefficient. As the [Mg2+] increases, this coefficien...

This work re-examines the classical problem of polymer collapse in a random system, using a Gaussian variational formalism to treat the ‘‘poor solvent’’ case. In particular we seek to clarify some of the disputed questions related to symmetry breaking between the replicas used to analyze such quenched systems, and the scaling of the globular collapse with the disorder strength. We map the rando...

The so-called extended law of corresponding states, as proposed by Noro and Frenkel [J. Chem. Phys. 113, 2941 (2000)], involves a mapping of the phase behaviors of systems with short-range attractive interactions. While it has already extensively been applied to various model potentials, here we test its applicability to protein solutions with their complex interactions. We successfully map the...

A general method for modeling macromolecular shape in solution is described involving measurements of viscosity, radius of gyration, and the second thermodynamic virial coefficient. The method, which should be relatively straightforward to apply, does not suffer from uniqueness problems, involves shape functions that are independent of hydration, and models the gross conformation of the macromo...

Small colloids in a uni-univalent aqueous electrolyte are modeled by a four-component solvent primitive model. The symmetric Poisson-Boltzmann theory is used to analyze the system and to calculate the second virial coefficient B2 of very dilute particle suspensions for varying solute and solvent concentrations. The results are compared with some experimental results on B2 of the silicotungstate...

A simple extension of existing models for protein crystallisation is described, in which salt ions and charge neutrality are explicitly incorporated. This provides a straightforward explanation for the shape of protein crystallisation boundaries, the associated scaling properties seen for lysozyme, and can also explain much of the salt dependence of the second virial coefficient. The analysis h...

A method is presented for determining second virial coefficients (B(2)) of protein solutions from retention time measurements in size exclusion chromatography. We determine B(2) by analyzing the concentration dependence of the chromatographic partition coefficient. We show the ability of this method to track the evolution of B(2) from positive to negative values in lysozyme and bovine serum alb...

Numerous scientific and industrial situations require thermodynamic properties of gas mixtures containing water. Examples include the development of humidity standards (where the dominant correction is the nonideality of water in the vapor phase) and design calculations for the utilization of synthesis and combustion gases in advanced power-generation cycles. In many of these cases, the conditi...