The possibility of bilateral maxillary second premolars having three separate roots is quite low; however, it must be taken into account in clinical and radiographic evaluations during endodontic treatment. A correct clinical and radiographic diagnosis based on knowledge of root canal anatomy and critical interpretation of radiographs is necessary for a safer and successful endodontic treatment...

The purpose of this study was to examine how the periodontal sensory inputs of working-side maxillary posterior, teeth affect nonworking-side anterior temporalis activities at the starting jaw position of the slow-closing phase in mastication. Six subjects with normal occlusion were asked to bite an incisal block to maintain the initial jaw position of the slow-closing phase and to generate jaw...

One of the causes of abrasive wear is the use of abrasive tooth pastes and tooth brushes. This may lead to dentin sensitivity if exposed.The aim of this study is to examine 1,526 upper anterior and premolar teeth for evidence of abrasive wear. The segment of teeth were selected because of their preeminence in the smile line.1,526 upper anterior and premolar teeth were examined using key-feature...

The C-shaped canal system is an anatomical variation mostly seen in mandibular second molars, although it can also occur in maxillary and other mandibular molars. Such variation in the root canal anatomy is uncommon in mandibular first premolars and very rare in mandibular second premolars. The C-shaped canal is so named for the cross-sectional morphology of the root and root canal. The main an...

mandibular premolars have earned a reputation for having aberrant anatomy. the occurrence of three canals with three separate foramina in mandibular premolars is very rare. if predictable treatment of a three rooted mandibular premolar is planned, precise knowledge of clinical and radiographic anatomy is absolutely necessary. these teeth may also require special shaping and obturating technique...

Many articles have explained the extraction of impacted premolars and canines, but there are still few explanations about li-nguoversion premolar extraction.Trans-alveolar is usually used in cases teeth or with unfavorable root shape, ankylosis, tooth malposition. Trans-alveolar atechnique commonly dentistry. Various flap op-tions can be this technique. In article it a 30-year-old woman came to...