jondishapour school was the first center of cultural transmission in the world among various civilizations like the greek, syriac, hindi, chinese and roman formed by permissive policies of khosro anushirvan in iran. the idea that iranian knowledge can be flourished with the help of progress made in science in different cultures was, for the first time, suggested by khosro anushirvan and his com...

“bēstūn” other than a place name is the name of a noble lady mentioned in the pahlavi book of ayādgār ī zarērān. this article presents the author’s revised method of reading the middle persian version of the ancient *baga-stāna- in the sassanian book pahlavi sources and tries to give a clear view on the signification and cultural background of this name as well as tracing it down to the culture...

minoo ’s ahriman is a term for discovering ahriman in the world of minoo: a world where it’s creatures are invisible, undesirable, and without a body . in this article, minoo’s ahriman in the avesta and the pahlavi texts are surveyed. in gahan, ahriman exists as the evil nature as opposed to the good nature that leads to his creation in the haftha. in new avesta the minavi existence continues w...