Today’s revolution is mobile communication revolution, which enables us to connect each other worldwide. Due to the enhancement of multimedia and video surveillance services people are more sophisticated. Because of bandwidth requirements and resolution mismatch the designers still striving to provide robust coding technique. In mobile, web applications scalable video coding plays a vital role ...

Under the send-down policy (1968–1978) during the Chinese Cultural Revolution, more than 16 million youths were forced to move to rural areas and carry out hard manual labor. This study analyzes the long-term impact of such an experience on income when these youths reached 40–55 years of age. Sent-down males were significantly more likely to upgrade their education after the Cultural Revolution...

We combine two approaches to gauge the achievements of the Mexican-origin second generation: one the intergenerational progress between immigrant parents and children, the other the gap between the second generation and non-Latino whites. We measure advancement of the Mexican-origin second generation using a suite of censusderived outcomes applied to immigrant parents in 1980 and grown children...

The paper uses data from the Turin Longitudinal Study (Studio longitudinale torinese, henceforth SLT) of linked census data from the 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001 censuses to show the existence of educational inequalities among the children of regional migrants to Turin. As we will show, using the relatively sparse data on international migrants in the current SLT database and references to the lit...

This study examined the relations among bilinguality, academic achievement, and socio-psychological factors such as ethnolinguistic identity and beliefs, first language (L1) educational support, and interpersonal contacts. The participants were 42 second generation Japanese Canadian youths living in the metropolitan Toronto area. All had attended one particular Japanese Heritage Language School...

Since the 1980s, immigrant children and children of immigrant parentage have become the fastest growing and the most extraordinarily diverse segment of America’s child population. Until the recent past, however, scholarly attention has focused on adult immigrants to the neglect of their offspring, creating a profound gap between the strategic importance of the new second generation and the know...

If identities are socially produced, what happens when individuals grow up participating in divergent or conflicting social contexts? This paper reports upon research with second generation Turkish adolescents in London. Using the concept of the dialogical self, the research examines the dialogical structure of these young Turks’ selves. The analysis is Bakhtinian and seeks to identify the diff...

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t JEL classification: H77 H11 H71 R11 R58 Keywords: Fiscal federalism State and local taxation Intergovernmental relations Revenue First generation fiscal federalism (FGFF) studies the performance of decentralized systems under the assumption of benevolent social planners. Second generation fiscal federalism (SGFF) studies performance based on the fiscal and ...

a trend of significant increase in municipal solid waste generation has been recorded worldwide. this has been found due to over population growth rate, industrialization, urbanization and economic growth. consumerism speed has been found very high covering around more then 50% of total population since last decade due to higher economic growth, which has ultimately resulted in increased solid ...

Recently, a new theory emerged in the field of Second Generation Knowledge Management. This theory is labeled ‘New Knowledge Management’ and was introduced by McElroy (2003). The theory is new to the extent that it brings together several known concepts concerning knowledge management in a unique combination. In its essence, the theory consists of fourteen policies that organizations should app...