Fishery managers must understand the dynamics of fishers and their prey to successfully predict the outcome of management actions. We measured the impact of a two-day exclusively recreational fishery on Caribbean spiny lobster in the Florida Keys, USA, over large spatial scales (>100 km) and multiple years and used a theoretical, predator-prey functional response approach to identify whether or...

history of underwater diving dates back to antiquity. breath-hold technique in diving was known to the ancient nations. however, deep diving progressed only in the early decades of the 19 th century as the result of advancements in efficient underwater technologies which subsequently led to invention of sophisticated sets of scuba diving in the 20 th century. currently, diving is performed for ...

Article history: Received: 10.04.2015. Received in revised form: 13.05.2015. Accepted: 29.05.2015. According to the diver motion characteristics, which are low speed and rapid change of direction, a multi-directional motion model is presented. Then the motion model is introduced into an interacting multiple model method, while the timevarying motion model transition probability was corrected ac...

We have used SCUBA to survey an area of ≃ 50 arcmin2, detecting 19 sources down to a 3σ sensitivity limit of ∼3.5 mJy at 850μm. Monte-Carlo simulations have shown that the fluxes of sources in this and similar SCUBA surveys are biased upwards by the effects of source confusion and noise, leading to an overestimate by a factor of ∼1.4 in the fraction of the 850μm background that has been resolve...

We assessed four potential sources of error in estimating size of the population of Devils Hole pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis); net, time of day, diver, and order of diver. Experimental dives (3/day) were conducted during 4 days in July 2009. Effects of the four sources of error on estimates from dive surveys were analyzed using a split-split plot ANOVA. Diver and order of diver had no significa...

The stopover behaviour of Black-throated Divers Gavia arctica and Red-throated stellata during autumn migration was observed in two sites Poland. Differences time-activity budget diving pattern were recorded from mid-October to mid-January 2004 2005. A total 1,516 minutes observation achieved. Birds spent their time (60.7%), followed by preening (14.8%), surface swimming (12.5%), other activiti...