A case study of Kingston, Ontario, reveals that growing confidence in the response of science and statistics to the threat of epidemic disease supported the development and expansion of municipal water and sewer services in the late nineteenth century. Informed by science and statistics, professional city managers and sanitary experts sought solutions combining fiduciary responsibility with pub...

In this paper, a mathematical model for alcohol consumption in Spanish population is proposed. Its parameters are estimated by fitting themodel to real data from SpanishMinistry of Health. Predictions about the future behavior of the alcohol consumption in Spain are presented using this model. Results are applied to estimate the economic costs (sanitary and non-sanitary) assumed by Spanish soci...

This Appendix provides details and expanded results for our paper, “Menstruation, Sanitary Products and School Attendance: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation”. In the main paper we present the data and experimental design. Our results show negative, although small, effects of periods on school attendance. We find no significant effect of modern sanitary products on reducing the small effect ...

medical department existed, in India, medical officers serving both the crown and company have?albeit quietly and without the aid of minutes from the Army Sanitary Commission?been practising preventive medicine?taking thought and initiating effort to the end of removing potent causes of disease, and promoting sanitary improvements. In the second place, we entirely agree with him in his opinions...

August 1873, remarked :? " If, as I believe, the art of ,cure has really advanced greatly in the last forty years, the art of prevention has also made great progress, and this has certainly arisen from the improvement in diagnosis. The recognition of a disease, and its reference to a particular category. inevitably lead the mind to probe its causes. This seems an instinct of our nature, probabl...

Article history: Received on: 05/01/2015 Revised on: 22/01/2015 Accepted on: 07/02/2015 Available online: 27/02/2015 The purpose of current study was to compare the influence on sanitary hygienic parameters of water in recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) using natural zeolite and macrophytes Lemna minor and Elodea canadensis like a part of its filtration system with the microbiological indi...

Hospital sanitary microbiology laboratories perform the sanitary inspection, especially in high-risk wards, control hospital flora contamination, which is often multiresistant, perform the periodic monitoring of staff at risk and the examination of persons outside the institution. Data on chemotherapy, germs and tested samples from a sanitary microbiology laboratory revealed specific issues. Th...

Acute gastroenteritis is probably the most important public health problem. The association of flies as mechanical vectors in transmission of the causative agent is evident due to their behavioural characteristics which ensure their contact with food and wastes of man and animals. The present study was of six months duration from 1 st June, 2008 to 30 th November, 2008, 7200 flies were used for...

The provisions of the World Trade Organisation Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures are designed to extend the liberalisation of trade, without increasing the risk to public, animal or plant health. The international standards set by the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) will be used as a benchmark by World Trade Organisation panels and committees when eva...