In this paper we present the main achievements of UNU/IIST during the project “Design Techniques for Real-time Systems” carried out since 1993 by its staff and fellows. Duration Calculus was originally introduced in 1991 as a powerful logic for specifying the safety of realtime systems. During the project, it has evolved to a set of calculi that can capture many important aspects in real-time s...

Certain exotic phenomena in general relativity, such as backward time travel, appear to require the presence of matter with negative energy. While quantum fields are a possible source of negative energy densities, there are lower bounds—known as quantum inequalities—that constrain their duration and magnitude. In this paper, we derive new quantum inequalities for scalar fields in static space-t...

A number of particle astrophysics initiatives to exploit radio emission from high energy particle cascades require highfrequency sampling of antenna array signals. Nyquist-limited sampling of GHz frequency radio signals for an antenna array may be accomplished by commercially available test units. However, these technologies are incompatible with the size, power and cost constraints of long-dur...

For analog signals comprised of several, possibly overlapping, finite duration pulses with unknown shapes and time positions, an efficient sub-Nyquist sampling systems is based on Gabor frames. To improve the realizability of this sampling system, we present alternative method for the case that Gabor windows are high order exponential reproducing windows. Then, the time translation element coul...

The current study addressed the role of visual information in the control of locomotion in people with Parkinson's disease. Twelve healthy individuals and 12 mild to moderate Parkinson's disease patients were examined while walking at self-selected velocities, under three visual sampling conditions: dynamic (normal lighting), static (static visual samples) and voluntary visual sampling. Subject...

The reduction of electrode wear is very important for high finish and high accuracy machining in microEDM. Electrically conductive CVD diamond has shown almost zero electrode wear, even at short pulse duration of 3μs, which is extremely important for maintaining the desired shape. This research involves an investigation into the EDM performance of the electrically conductive CVD diamond with re...

K. W. Madison, P. K. Patel, M. Allen, D. Price, R. Fitzpatrick, and T. Ditmire Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA Physics and Advanced Technology Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA (Received 14...

In this paper, we first investigate the power spectral densities (PSD) of bipolar modulated Direct Sequence Ultra Wide Band (DS-UWB) signals using various pulse shapes under the FCC UWB emission mask. Considered pulse shapes are the first five derivatives of the Gauss pulse (p1, p2, p3, p4 and p5), the first four orthogonal modified Hermite waveforms, and Daubechies wavelets (db-q). It is obser...

The paper gives a systematic way for the development of hybrid control systems, i.e. to reene speciications written in DC (Duration Calculus) into automata models. Firstly, DC formulas are extended with iteration form and a technique for deriving plant automata from DC formulas is presented. Then, a speciication of control automata can be synthesized from plant automata with respect to requirem...

With their short nanosecond pulse durations, Qswitched lasers have revolutionized the treatment of tattoos [1-3]. Nevertheless, the mechanisms for clinically observed tattoo clearance are still not well understood. Two mechanisms have been proposed: a) a thermal effect where tattoo particles are heated to sufficiently high temperatures to cause chemical changes within the particles and the surr...