The conventional system of rice plantation has been applied in Malang, Indonesia. Standard chemical fertilizer and pesticide application were used this field. Soil samples rhizosphere showed the existence several entomopathogenic fungi including Penicillium sp, Aspergillus Trichoderma sp some unidentified fungi. diversity value also demonstrated a medium diversity. We conclude that an pesticide...

BACKGROUND This is the second in a series of papers detailing the terrestrial arthropods collected during an intensive survey of a site near Steel Creek campground along the Buffalo National River in Arkansas. The survey was conducted over a period of eight and a half months using twelve trap types - Malaise traps, canopy traps (upper and lower collector), Lindgren multifunnel traps (black, gre...

Cruciferous crops on Guam are infested by cabbage webworm, Hellula undalis (F.), cabbage cluster caterpillar, Crocidolomia pavonana Zeller, mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Davis), armyworm, Spodoptera litura (F.), flea hopper, Halticus tibialis (Reuter), fire ant, Solenopsis geminata (F.), leaf miners, Liriomyza spp., diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), corn earworm, Helicoverpa armige...

Agricultural and medical insect pests are damaging edible crops, spreading diseases, harming non-target fauna flora. Prominent polyphagous harass farmers in the agronomy sector, causing uncountable revenue corrosion. Ecofriendly phytopesticides can avoid consequences of bulk usage synthetic chemicals. In this study, toxic effect on third-instar larvae four different species (Spodoptera litura, ...

Abstract Background Biological pesticides, especially baculovirus, often lose their activity under the influence of external light, temperature, and other changes. This limited application them. The present study was aimed to prolong biological ensure efficacy a pesticide using microencapsulation technology. Results In this study, gelatin/carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)- Spodoptera litura nucleopo...