BACKGROUND Monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) can easily induce structural variation of chromosomes and have been used in crop breeding; however, it is unclear whether MAALs will induce drastic genetic and epigenetic alterations. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In the present study, wheat-rye 2R and 5R MAALs together with their selfed progeny and parental common wheat were investigated thr...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide and prevention is needed. Whole grain has shown potential to lower the risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. One possible mechanism behind the benefits of whole grain is the gut fermentation of dietary fiber (DF), e.g. non-starch polysaccharides and resistant starch (RS), in whole grain. The purpose of the study...

Alien addition lines are important for transferring useful genes from alien species into common wheat. Rye is an important and valuable gene resource for improving wheat disease resistance, yield, and environment adaptation. A new wheat-rye addition line, N9436B, was developed from the progeny of the cross of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) cultivar Shaanmai 611 and ry...

BACKGROUND Rye products have been demonstrated to lower the acute insulin demand, induce a low and prolonged blood glucose response (high Glycemic Profile, GP) and reduce subclinical inflammation. These products may therefore contribute to a lowered risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardio vascular disease. The objective of the present paper was to evaluate the mechanism for a reduced postpr...

Chromosome pairing in tetraploid Secalotriticum was analysed. In the studied plants wheat chromosomes in PMCs during metaphase I showed a higher degree of pairing, in comparison to the rye genome. This is reflected in a very low frequency of univalents and a higher frequency of ring bivalents. The occurrence of wheat univalents was dependent on wheat mixogenome. In plants with an unstabilized f...

This work was undertaken to determine the kinds and amount of substances that would account for the previously demonstrated differential growth of Claviceps purpurea on guttation fluids from Rosen rye, Genesee wheat, and Traill barley seedlings. Chromatographic methods were used for determining amino acids and sugars, spot tests and spectrometric methods for inorganic materials, and microbiolog...

Despite a highly beneficial role of water soluble arabinoxylans, the information about the effect of their addition on the properties of rye dough is lacking. The aim of this study was to check the influence of their modification methods and properties on water binding capacity of rye flour and suggest some possible explanations for the action of various fractions of arabinoxylans. Three modifi...

Crop residues are potential biofuel feedstocks, but residue removal may reduce soil carbon (C). The inclusion of a cover crop in a corn bioenergy system could provide additional biomass, mitigating the negative effects of residue removal by adding to stable soil C pools. In a no-till continuous corn bioenergy system in the northern US Corn Belt, we used CO2 pulse labeling to trace plant C from ...

Antifreeze proteins similar to two different chitinases accumulate during cold acclimation in winter rye (Secale cereale). To determine whether these cold-responsive chitinases require post-translational modification to bind to ice, cDNAs coding for two different full-length chitinases were isolated from a cDNA library produced from cold-acclimated winter rye leaves. CHT9 is a 1,193-bp clone th...

ABC Fax + 41 61 306 12 34 E-mail [email protected] www.karger.com © 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel 0301–0171/04/1064–0320$21.00/0 Accessible online at: www.karger.com/cgr Abstract. In rye each B chromosome (B) represents 5.5% of the diploid A genome. Rye Bs have several nuclear to whole plant effects although they seem to bear no genes except for the ones that lead to their maintenance within a popula...