The present study was conducted to determine clinico-haematobiochemical changes in ruminal acidosis-affected South Down sheep in Kashmir valley. Thirty two healthy sheep were taken as control whose parameters were compared with thirty two sheep suffering from ruminal acidosis. Clinical parameters were measured using standard techniques. Ruminal fluid, urine and blood was examined for microscopi...

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) has been considered a major pathology in high producing dairy herds for years. These findings were corroborated by several studies in Europe. However, different feeding practices and herds’ production levels are found in Southern Belgium. This study aimed to ascertain whether dairy cows of several herds from the south of Belgium (Wallonia) with a suspicion of SA...

BACKGROUND The prevalence and the clinical consequences of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in dairy cows are still poorly understood. In order to evaluate the prevalence of SARA, 26 German dairy farms were included in a field study. In each herd, between 11 and 14 lactating dairy cows were examined for their ruminal pH using rumenocentesis. Milk production data and farm management characterist...

In a diurnal study, feedstuff and digesta polysaccharides, ruminal bacterial carbohydrate-fermenting groups, and selected ruminal fluid characteristics (ruminal pH, ammonia and volatile fatty acids) were measured in ruminal-cannulated Holstein steers fed high- or low-forage diets at maintenance level intake once daily. A procedure for the sequential extraction of soluble sugar, starch, pectin, ...

Four Holstein steers with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to examine the effect of daily intake of 0, 2, 4 or 6 g/steer of standardized plant extract containing a mixture of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids and protopine alkaloids (QBA+PA) on the characteristics of ruminal fermentation and characteristics of digestion. The basal diet consisted of a...

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the possibility of estimating the outflow of nutrients and microbial protein from the rumen based on sampling reticular contents as an alternative to duodenal sampling. Microbial protein flow estimates were also compared with a third method based on sampling of ruminal contents. Reticular and duodenal digesta and ruminal contents were recovere...

Two trials were initiated to determine if slaframine (SF) can be used to alter fluid digesta flow and fermentation patterns in the rumen. In trial 1, a preliminary experiment, four Dorset X Barbados Black-belly ruminal-cannulated wethers (avg weight 41.6 8.7 kg) given ad libitum access to a pelleted concentrate/hay diet were injected intramuscularly with 0, 12, 24 or 48 micrograms SF/kg body we...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of DL-malate (disodium salt) on the in vitro mixed ruminal microorganism fermentation of soluble starch or cracked corn. Ruminal fluid was collected from a steer fed 6.8 kg of forage and 2.3 kg of concentrate supplement once daily, and mixed ruminal microorganisms were incubated in anaerobic media (40 mL) that c...

Fermentation pathways have been elucidated for predominant ruminal bacteria, but information is limited concerning the specific transport mechanisms used by these microorganisms for C, energy, and N sources. In addition, it is possible that changes in ruminal environmental conditions could affect transport activity. Five carrier-mediated soluble nutrient transport mechanisms have been identifie...

The hydrolysis of ochratoxin A (OA) and the corresponding formation of its hydrolysis product, alpha ochratoxin (O alpha), by ruminal digesta and in the rumen of hay-fed and grain-fed sheep were compared. Ruminal contents from sheep fed diets with hay or with grain hydrolyzed OA in vitro; the majority of the activity was associated with the particulate fraction of the ruminal contents. The rate...