rotary atomizers are commonly used in spray dryers to atomize feed. one destructive effect of wheel rotation is the creation of a vacuum inside the wheel that conducts hot air from the chamber into the wheel and can lead to atomizer blockage and an explosion. the present work determined the air-pumping characteristics of a rotary atomizer with a 50 mm wheel diameter. the vacuum pressure and pow...

Abstract: In this paper, we present the use of the laser tracker to aid the alignment of a Swing Arm Profilometer (SAP) and measure the length of the swinging arm, thus calibrating the operating radius of the SAP. The measurement uncertainty analysis is given. A laser tracker is used to align the SAP to ensure the path of the probe head passes through the rotary axis of the rotary table. By bui...

Resistance to cyclic flexural fatigue failure is an important feature of rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cyclic flexural fatigue failure resistance of RevoS Shaper Universal rotary NiTi files and to compare it to two other rotary NiTi files with similar size and taper, the Hero Shaper and the ProFile. Fifteen each of Revo-S Shaper Universal, ...

Detailed understanding of the action of biological molecular machines must overcome the challenge of gaining a clear knowledge of the corresponding free-energy landscape. An example for this is the elucidation of the nature of converting chemical energy to torque and work in the rotary molecular motor of F1-ATPase. A major part of the challenge involves understanding the rotary-chemical couplin...

ATP-driven proton pumps, which are critical to the operation of a cell, maintain cytosolic and organellar pH levels within a narrow functional range. These pumps employ two very different mechanisms: an elaborate rotary mechanism used by V-ATPase H+ pumps, and a simpler alternating access mechanism used by P-ATPase H+ pumps. Why are two different mechanisms used to perform the same function? Sy...

AIM The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and comparing the shaping ability of two Nickel-titanium rotary instruments, with two disparate design features, on root canal geometry of extracted human maxillary first premolars using microcomputed tomography. STUDY DESIGN Twenty four bifurcated maxillary first premolars were divided into two groups and embedded in a rubber-bas...

The conservation technologies and traditional techniques were evaluated at Adaptive Research Farm Gujranwala Pakistan during Rabi 2007-2008 and 2008-2009. The sowing techniques evaluated were broadcasting (T-1), Rotary Tillage Drill (T-2), Zero Tillage Drill (T-3) and Rabi Drill (T-4). Rotary Tillage Drill showed significantly high germination count (220.50 m -2 ) followed by Rabi Drill (211.50...

AIM To determine whether the following can be sterilized by autoclaving - endodontic sponges, rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments within endodontic sponges, and rotary NiTi instruments with rubber stoppers. METHODOLOGY Sixty-four samples of eight different endodontic sponges (n = 512) were placed into brain heart infusion broth (BHI) for 72 h. An aliquot of this was then spread onto hor...

BACKGROUND Endodontic instrumentation carries the risk of over extrusion of debris and bacteria. The technique used and the type of instrumentation influences this risk. AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the K-file, ProTaper hand and ProTaper rotary instrumentation systems for the amount of apically extruded debris, irrigant solution and intracanal bacteria. DESIGN E...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the amount of apically extruded debris using rotary and reciprocating nickel-titanium instrumentation systems. METHODS Eighty human mandibular central incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 20 teeth per group). The root canals were instrumented according to the manufacturers' instructions using the 2 reciprocating single-...