BACKGROUND Diversion--patients who sell or share their medication--is a hotly debated but relatively unresearched phenomenon. We have investigated the prevalence of self-reported diversion of methadone and buprenorphine at OST programs in Sweden. We have also examined if demographic, treatment, and social factors can be associated with an increased risk of diversion. METHODS Structured interv...

AIMS Methadone and buprenorphine diversion by patients in opioid substitution treatment (OST) is a poorly understood phenomenon. We study the norms and attitudes on diversion among OST patients, including the role these norms and attitudes play as diversion risk factors. We also study whether perceived quality of care, social bonds to treatment staff, and deterrence can be associated with diver...

CANTER DJ. Is simpler better? Quality of life based on type of urinary diversion Can J Urol 2013; 20(1):6632. Although it has been reported that continent urinary diversions may not have increased morbidity in the short term,9 practically speaking, these diversions do require more effort and diligence than an ileal conduit. Ultimately, it is a very personal patient decision as to the type of ur...

diversion, which is discussed briefly in the science of usul al-fiqh in the chapter on the absolute and qualified, while playing a notable role in different chapters of jurisprudence, is of varieties. surveying the concept of diversion and its varieties, the present essay expounds its effects and results and emphasizes its important role in the process of inferring juristic precepts

OBJECTIVE Our objective was to study the outcomes experienced by 2 communities after implementing pretrial diversion of offenders with mental illness. METHOD The same method of diversion was implemented in a predominately urban and a predominantly rural county. We collected retrospective clinical and offence data from pretrial diversion assessments conducted in court. As well, we measured out...

This paper examines and ranks restoration alternatives for improving fish habitat by evaluating tradeoffs between fish production and restoration costs. Optimization modelling is used to maximize out‐migrating coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) from a natal stream and is applied as a case study in California’s Shasta River. Restoration activities that alter flow and water temperature conditions...