Establishment of riparian buffers is an effective method for reducing nutrient input to streams. However, the underlying biogeochemical processes are not fully understood. The objective of this 4-yr study was to examine the effects of riparian zone restoration on soil N cycling mechanisms in a mountain pasture previously degraded by cattle. Soil inorganic N pools, fluxes, and transformation mec...

Riparian buffer zones are important for both natural and developed ecosystems throughout the world because of their ability to retain nutrients, prevent soil erosion, protect aquatic environments from excessive sedimentation, and filter pollutants. Despite their importance, the microbial community structures of riparian buffer zones remains poorly defined. Our objectives for this study were two...

Riparian buffers can influence water quality in downstream lakes or rivers by buffering non-point source pollution in upstream agricultural fields. With increasing nitrogen (N) pollution in small agricultural watersheds, a major function of riparian buffers is to retain N in the soil. A series of field experiments were conducted to monitor pollutant transport in riparian buffers of small waters...

We measured denitrification, immobilization, and respiration in microcosms that simulated groundwater conditions in a riparian forest in Rhode Island. Measured rates were compared with rates of NOj" removal measured in a companion study using a groundwater monitoring well network and 10-mo injection of NOf and a bromide tracer to groundwater in the same riparian forest. Limiting factors for den...

Over the last 200 years, streams throughout Australia have been channelised to increase their hydraulic conveyance, and so reduce flood peaks and durations. One of the main channelisation activities has been to remove large woody debris (LWD) and bank vegetation. Ironically, the major stream rehabilitation activity in Australia, and in many countries, over the last two decades, has been to reve...

Water is a valuable resource for humans (direct consumption, power, irrigation, industry) and provides essential habitat for many organisms, including highly valued fish species such as salmonids. Aquatic habitat is influenced by processes active not only in the near-stream (riparian) zone (e.g., provision of shade) but also over the entire watershed (e.g., hillslope hydrologic processes that c...

This paper integrates economic, biological, and physical models to explore the efficient combination and spatial allocation of conservation efforts to protect water quality and increase salmonid populations in the Grande Ronde basin, Oregon. We focus on the effects of shade on water temperatures and the subsequent impacts on endangered juvenile salmonid populations. The integrated modeling syst...

Freshwaters provide valuable habitat and important ecosystem services but are threatened worldwide by habitat loss and degradation. In Southeast Asia, rainforest streams are particularly threatened by logging and conversion to oil palm, but we lack information on the impacts of this on freshwater environmental conditions, and the relative importance of catchment versus riparian-scale disturbanc...

Japan, as one of the most developed country in logistics field in the world, has developed its logistics parks earlier. This paper takes Japan’s logistics park as the subject in research. By analyzing Japan’s experiences of developing logistics parks, this paper tempts to find out problems in China’s logistics parks and put forward suggestions for further development and construction.

One great challenge for OEMs is to manage the complex supply processes. In order to reduce this complexity, they could integrate large suppliers into so-called Automotive Supplier Parks. In the end, large suppliers would have many small one-to-one plants in Supplier Parks with low economies of scale and high costs. This paper illustrates the key problems of traditional Supplier Parks and presen...