Nowadays, generation of energy-tunable, monochromatic γ-rays is needed to establish a nondestructive assay method of nuclear fuel materials. The γ-rays are generated by collision of laser photons stored in a cavity and relativistic electrons. We propose a configuration of an enhancement cavity capable of performing polarization control fabricated by a combination of a four-mirror ring cavity wi...

Spot size reduction is demonstrated by printing focused spots from amplitude-modulated radially polarized light at the wavelength λ = 405 nm on a photoresist. Amplitude modulation is realized by ring illumination and by application of an optimized amplitude distribution function. Amplitude modulation is implemented via spatial light modulator, which is followed by a specially designed radial wi...

.In this paper, we discuss some basic beam dynamics issues related to obtaining and preserving the luminosity of a next generation linear collider. In Figure 1 you see a diagram illustrating the main subsystems of one-half of the collider. The beams are extracted from a damping ring and compressed in length by the first bunch compressor. They are then accelerated in a preaccelerator linac up to...

Air pollution studies require a great variety Of techniques. The analytical methods used should have great sensitivity and reliability and they must be applicable to organic as well as inorganic substanôes; they must apply to the study of gases, liquids (mists), and solids (airborne particulates); and they should be suitable for spot checking in the field and for continuous sampling and monitor...

We report a silicon DQPSK receiver whose symbol rate can be varied by a tunable one-bit delay line including an all-pass micro-ring slow-light device. It also consists of Si-wire waveguides with spot-size converters, optimized splitters/couplers, heater-controlled Mach-Zehnder attenuators and phase shifters, 90° hybrid with a low-loss crossing and balanced Ge photodiodes, all of which are fabri...

Current methods for generating Bessel beams are limited to fixed beam sizes or, in the case of conventional adaptive optics, relatively long switching times between beam shapes. We analyze the multiscale Bessel beams created using an alternative rapidly switchable device: a tunable acoustic gradient index (TAG) lens. The shape of the beams and their nondiffracting, self-healing characteristics ...

density-gradient centrifugation. ISCO fractionator scanning patterns indicated a high degree of purity but serological results revealed the presence of some host contaminates. The yield of virus was abeut 2mgfleOg of bro'ad bean leaves. The titer of the antiserum against isolate No. 30 was 1!2048 by ring precipitin tests. Although the iutact virus particles could n6t diffuse in agar gel plates,...

The Low-Emittance Transport (LET) region of a linear collider includes all of the beamlines between the exit of the main damping ring and the interaction point. Generically, the LET includes the bunch compressor, main linac, and beam delivery sections of the linear collider. The principal luminosity requirements of the LET are: preservation of the small emittances generated by the main damping ...

Steroid degradation by Comamonas testosteroni and Nocardia restrictus have been intensively studied for the purpose of obtaining materials for steroid drug synthesis. C. testosteroni degrades side chains and converts single/double bonds of certain steroid compounds to produce androsta-1,4-diene 3,17-dione or the derivative. Following 9α-hydroxylation leads to aromatization of the A-ring accompa...

Simple polynomial formulas to calculate the FWHM and full width at 1/e2 intensity diffraction spot size and the depth of focus at a Strehl ratio of 0.8 and 0.5 as a function of a Gaussian beam truncation ratio and a system f-number are presented. Formulas are obtained by use of the numerical integration of a Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral and can be used to calculate the number of resolva...