In the early 1990s, hydrophilic interaction (liquid) chromatography (HILIC) emerged as a new separation method. HILIC is becoming increasingly popular for the separation of polar compounds in aqueous-organic mobile phases rich in organic solvents (usually acetonitrile). It has become important for the separation of pharmaceuticals, neurotransmitters, nucleosides, nucleotides and other compounds...

The Paternò-Büchi reaction is a photochemical reaction between a carbonyl compound and an alkene to give the corresponding oxetane. In this review the mechanism of the reaction is discussed. On this basis the described use in the reaction with electron rich alkenes (enolethers, enol esters, enol silyl ethers, enanines, heterocyclic compounds has been reported. The stereochemical behavior of the...

The volatile oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the petals of Rosa damascena Mill. (Rosaceae) was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The yield of the oil was 0.12 % (v/w). Fifty compounds representing 99.06 % of the oil were characterized. The volatile oil was found rich in sesquiterpenes and aliphatic components, consisting of two monoterpenic es...

Copper(i) N-heterocyclic carbene (CuNHC) complexes are more catalytically active than traditional transition metal salts for the cyclopropenation of internal alkynylsilanes and diazoacetate compounds. A series of 1,2,3-trisubstituted and 1,2,3,3-tetrasubstituted cyclopropenylsilane compounds were isolated in good overall yields. An interesting regioselective and chemodivergent reaction pathway ...

W inemaking by-products are a low-cost and rich source of valuable phenolic compounds with widely recognised health benefits. Membrane separation processes are ideal for recovering these compounds, ensuring high quality of the extracts produced. As a result of the gentle nature of membrane processing, the final products can justify the label ‘natural’, which is essential for most food and cosme...