The title compound, 5-amino-8-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H,8H)-dione methanol monosolvate, C(32)H(25)N(5)O(9)·CH(4)O, which crystallized slowly from methanol, exhibits an anti conformation with a glycosyl-bond torsion angle of χ=-141.28 (17)°. The furanose moiety adopts an N-type sugar puckering ((3)T(4)). The corresponding pseudorotation phase angle a...

Why are these synapses special? Because the electrical signals they transmit are not the same as those in other parts of the brain. Conventional synapses convey information arriving as a ‘pulse code’; action potentials lasting a few milliseconds trigger a transient burst of vesicle fusion and the amplitude of the action potential is fixed. But ribbon synapses transmit ‘analogue signals’, such a...

We present ‘Ribbon Proofs’, a graphical proof system for the Logic of Bunched Implications (BI). We give the informal, graphical, notation, we formalise the system algebraically and sketch the proof of its soundness and completeness. We discuss the spatial and geometrical nature of the proof system and its relation to BI’s spatial model theory.

Hall-Littlewood functions indexed by rectangular partitions, specialized at primitive roots of unity, can be expressed as plethysms. We propose a combinatorial proof of this formula using Schilling’s bijection between ribbon tableaux and ribbon rigged configurations.

Hall-Littlewood functions indexed by rectangular partitions, specialized at primitive roots of unity, can be expressed as plethysms. We propose a combinatorial proof of this formula using A. Schilling’s bijection between ribbon tableaux and ribbon rigged configurations.

Recently, ribbon synapses to the hair cells (HCs) in the cochlea have become a novel site of interest in the investigation of noise-induced cochlear lesions in adult rodents (Kujawa and Liberman, 2009; Lin et al., 2011; Liu et al., 2012; Shi et al., 2013). Permanent noise-induced damage to this type of synapse can result in subsequent degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the absenc...

The auditory system transduces sound-evoked vibrations over a range of input sound pressure levels spanning six orders of magnitude. An important component of the system mediating this impressive dynamic range is established in the cochlear sensory epithelium, where functional subtypes of cochlear nerve fibers differ in threshold sensitivity, and spontaneous discharge rate (SR), by more than a ...