Numerical simulations of hydrodynamic and thermally fully developed turbulent flow are presented for flow through a stationary duct with periodic array of inline transverse rib turbulators. The rib height to hydraulic diameter ratio e/Dh is 0.1 and the rib pitch to rib height ratio P/e is 10. The effect of secondary flow due to presence of rib turbulators on heat and mass transfer has been inve...

One of the uncommon congenital variations is intrathoracic rib which a normal, a bifid, or an accessory rib lies within the thoracic cavity that is founded accidentally. Clinically, in most cases they are without symptoms; however, it may cause intrathoracic problems therefore it is important for radiologists and physicians to identify to prevent of excessive intervention and treatment during i...

ML-3 and -7 demonstrated a significant OS benefit maintenance/improvement of QOL with RIB + ET vs in pts HR+/HER2? ABC. We evaluated the association -7. In ML-3, postmenopausal were treated fulvestrant (FUL) or FUL alone. This analysis included NSAI cohort ML-7, which peri/premenopausal was assessed EORTC QLQ-C30. A responder performed based on published minimal clinically important differences...

We describe a method of single-port thoracoscopic rib resection using a Gigli saw. Rib resection is typically performed with a large skin incision and soft tissue dissection. Some authors have described a thoracoscopic approach for rib resection from the inner side of the chest wall instead of the outside to decrease pain and improve quality of life. A 41-year-old Chinese male received single-p...

Traditional posterior approaches to the thoracic spine are done with either costo-transversectomy, lateral extracavitary approaches, or transpedicular approaches. The transpedicular approach is the only one that preserves the rib head. However, placing an expandable cage with this rib head intact poses special challenges because of the narrow corridor defined by the rib head and the spinal cord...

of tuberculosis disappeared with no evidence of recurrence at 1-year follow-up. Drug interactions between Rif and protease inhibitors have prompted clinical studies of HIV-infected patients that have documented the efficacy of Rib as a substitute for Rif in the 6-month antituberculous regimen [2–4]. Intolerance to Rif is not rare and could be another indication for Rib. The tolerance profile of...

A spontaneous acute severe asthmatic attack was monitored non-invasively in a 27 year old sleeping female asthmatic subject. As the attack evolved there was a switch from predominant abdominal breathing (associated with inspiratory indrawing of the rib cage) to gradually increasing rib cage excursion (associated with inspiratory paradox of the abdominal wall with respect to the rib cage). Abdom...

Introduction: Cervical rib is a supernumerary rib springing from one of the cervical vertebrae, usually the seventh. About 1 in 200 people are born with cervical rib. About 1 in 10 people who have a cervical rib develop symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). Aims: The aim of this study was to identify normal and abnormal anatomy of thoracic outlet using MRI in symptomatic costoclavicular c...

A major conceptual breakthrough occurred in 1967 when KoNNo and MEAD proposed that, under the condition of a fixed spinal position, the chest wall can be considered as a system with two degrees of freedom [1]. They stated that any change in lung volume is accommodated by the sum of the changes in dimensions of the rib cage and of the anterior abdominal wall. When the airways are closed, the che...