We report protocols and techniques to image and mechanically manipulate individual fibrin fibers, which are key structural components of blood clots. Using atomic force microscopy-based lateral force manipulations we determined the rupture force, FR, f fibrin fibers as a function of their diameter, D, in ambient conditions. As expected, the rupture force increases with increasing diameter; howe...

Background: Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO antibody) is a member of thyroid autoantibodies which are important in inducing and also diagnosing autoimmune thyroid diseases. Thyroid autoimmunity can cause several forms of thyroiditis and abnormal thyroid functions, ranging from hypothyroidism to hyperthyroidism. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum levels of anti-TPO ...

Studying the response of neuronal networks to radio frequency (RF) signals requires use a specific device capable accessing and simultaneously recording activity during electromagnetic fields (EMF) exposure. In this study, microelectrode array (MEA) that records spontaneous neurons is coupled an open transverse (TEM) cell propagates EMF. We characterize system both numerically experimentally at...

chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium which causes a wide variety of human infections such as ocular, urogenital and respiratory infections. genital infections of women, espe-cially when repeated, give rise to many complications such as ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage and in fertility. since chlamydial infections are usually asymptomatic, they progress unnoticed and produc...

background: antifertility effect of naturally occuring antisperm antibody (asa) in infertile couples and studies on experimental immunization of various animals with sperm antigens represents asa as immunocontraceptive target. despite extensive research on the effects of different factors on sperm immunogenecity and asa production variable result have been reported. objective: to study whole sp...

background: the major cause of peptic ulcer disease is helicobacter pylori (hp), and it is also implicated in the pathogenesis of adenocarcinoma of the distal stomach and gastric lymphoma. the incidence of peptic ulcer disease, atrophic gastritis, and gastric adenocarcinoma are more common in people infected of caga positive strains of hp. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence o...

neuromyelitis optica (nmo) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system with preferential involvement in the optic nerve and spinal cord with a widespread spectrum of clinical features; multiple therapeutic agents have been used with different results. recent evidence points to b?cell?mediated humoral immunity in the pathogenesis of nmo. rituximab targets the cd20 antigen...