Rheological properties are very important parameters in the production of products with high-quality and desirable texture. So far, many attempts to produce low-calorie milk chocolate have not succeeded. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of sugar substitutes on rheological characteristics of prebiotic milk chocolate using Simplex-lattice mixture design. For doing this, a...

Formation of a cell-free layer is an important dynamic feature of microcirculatory blood flow, which can be influenced by rheological parameters, such as red blood cell aggregation and flow rate. In this study, we investigate the effect of these two rheological parameters on cell-free layer characteristics in the arterioles (20-60 mum inner diameter). For the first time, we provide here the det...

been accomplished with any single ingredient except for synthetic fat. The most practical way to mimic fat is widely proposed to be by using a combination of materials, with food hydrocolloids as the main ingredient (Glicksman, 1991). Curdlan can be considered to have notable potential as a fat mimetic system by itself or in conjunction with other hydrocolloids. Our objective was to study the r...

In recent years, robots that coexist with human are under active researches. Such robots need high safety, backdriveability, large generative force, high speed response, good controllability, and so on. We have put emphasis on the backdriveability and created a novel prototype linear actuator with an ER (Electro-Rheological) gel, a new functional material. It is an all-purpose actuator satisfyi...

A class of imprintable, bendable, and shape-conformable polymer electrolyte with excellent electrochemical performance in a lithium battery system is reported. The material consists of a UV-cured polymer matrix, high-boiling point liquid electrolyte, and Al2 O3 nanoparticles, formulated for use in lithium-ion batteries with 3D-structured electrodes or flexible characteristics. The unique struct...

The process of electrostatic extrusion as a method for cell immobilization was investigated that could be used for potential applications in medicine. An attempt was made to assess the effects of cell addition and polymer concentration on the overall entrapment procedure, ie, on each stage of immobilization: polymer-cell suspension rheological characteristics, electrostatic extrusion process, a...

Some systems show high miscibility in water at low temperatures while they phase separate at high temperatures. Before the macroscopic phase separation there is a strong turbidity, defined as clouding [1, 2]. At certain circumstances, namely above a critical concentration, the polymer system stays turbid with a gel-like appearance, without any macroscopic phase separation [3]. Gels defined in t...

Taking into account the growing interest in microalgae to be used as raw material for biodiesel production, this research is aimed at analyzing the rheological behaviour of microalgae suspensions (Chlorella sp) at different culture times under eight different conditions (temperature, salinity and CO2, NO3 and PO4 levels) in order to estimate the energy demands of each step, with the purpose of ...

An existing rheological model of skeletal muscle (Forcinito et al., 1998) was modified with a nonlinear Maxwell fluid element to provide a phenomenological model capable of analyzing the strain-stiffening behavior typically found in passive, and occasionally observed in active, skeletal muscle. This new model describes both active and passive muscular behavior as a combination of the behavior o...

Using grand-canonical molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations of spherical molecular confined films, we investigate the internal energy and entropic origins of density layering and solvation force oscillations. We show that these properties, as well as diffusion and rheological characteristics of such films, depend on interfacial commensurability, with commensurate films exh...