نتایج جستجو برای: reverse transcriptase inhibitor

تعداد نتایج: 313286  

Journal: :Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 2010
Anri Theron Duncan Cromarty Malie Rheeders Michelle Viljoen

A novel and robust screening method for the determination of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, efavirenz (EFV), in human saliva has been developed and validated based on high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Sample preparation of the saliva involved solid-phase extraction (SPE) on C18 cartridges. The analytes were separated by high perform...

2009
Federica Crostarosa Meropi Aravantinou Onome J. Akpogheneta Edith Jasny Andrew Shaw Jessica Kenney Michael Piatak Jeffrey D. Lifson Aaron Teitelbaum Lieyu Hu Anne Chudolij Thomas M. Zydowsky James Blanchard Agegnehu Gettie Melissa Robbiani

BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) infection enhances the transmission and acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This occurs in symptomatic and asymptomatic stages of HSV-2 infection, suggesting that obvious herpetic lesions are not required to increase HIV spread. An animal model to investigate the underlying causes of the synergistic action of the two viruses and wher...

Journal: :Antiviral therapy 2012
Michael D Miller Mojgan Haddad Cathy Su Craig Gibbs Damian J McColl Bill Guyer

BACKGROUND The selection of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treatment of HIV-1 infection is based on several factors including potency, toxicity, resistance and ease of administration. Emtricitabine (FTC) or lamivudine (3TC), components of recommended initial ARV regimens, are structurally related and share the same resistance mutation (M184V/I). However they differ with respect to potency and i...

2010
Brenda Waning Ellen Diedrichsen Suerie Moon

BACKGROUND Indian manufacturers of generic antiretroviral (ARV) medicines facilitated the rapid scale up of HIV/AIDS treatment in developing countries though provision of low-priced, quality-assured medicines. The legal framework in India that facilitated such production, however, is changing with implementation of the World Trade Organization Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual ...

2016
Jörg Mahlich Mona Groß Alexander Kuhlmann Johannes Bogner Hans Heiken Matthias Stoll

BACKGROUND This study aims at identifying predictors of the treatment decision of German physicians with regard to a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) or a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) -based initial treatment regimen. METHODS The study is based on a sub analysis of a nation-wide multi-centre, non-interventional, prospective cohort study. 133 patients were ...

Journal: :PLoS ONE 2008
Jean-Jacques Parienti Moupali Das-Douglas Véronique Massari David Guzman Steven G. Deeks Renaud Verdon David R. Bangsberg

BACKGROUND While the relationship between average adherence to HIV potent antiretroviral therapy is well defined, the relationship between patterns of adherence within adherence strata has not been investigated. We examined medication event monitoring system (MEMS) defined adherence patterns and their relation to subsequent virologic rebound. METHODS AND RESULTS We selected subjects with at l...

Journal: :Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 2006
Hai-Zhi Bu Ping Zhao Ping Kang William F Pool Ellen Y Wu

Capravirine, a new non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, undergoes extensive oxygenation reactions, including N-oxidation, sulfoxidation, sulfonation, and hydroxylation in humans. Numerous primary (mono-oxygenated) and sequential (di-, tri-, and tetraoxygenated) metabolites of capravirine are formed via the individual or combined oxygenation pathways. In this study, cytochrome P450 en...

Journal: :Nucleic acids research 1993
R K Strair D J Medina C J Nelson T A Graubert J W Mellors

Two recombinant retroviral systems are described that can be used to analyze antiretroviral drug activity and HIV breakthrough (replication in the presence of the drug). The first system utilizes a recombinant HIV encoding beta-galactosidase as a reporter gene (HIV-LacZ). The defective HIV-LacZ virus is produced in COS cells after co-transfection of a plasmid encoding the HIV-LacZ genome with a...

2009
Rory Leisegang Susan Cleary Michael Hislop Alistair Davidse Leon Regensberg Francesca Little Gary Maartens

BACKGROUND There is a paucity of data on the health care costs of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes in Africa. Our objectives were to describe the direct heath care costs and establish the cost drivers over time in an HIV managed care programme in Southern Africa. METHODS/FINDINGS We analysed the direct costs of treating HIV-infected adults enrolled in the managed care programme from 3 ...

2013
Mona Rafik Loutfy Sharon Lynn Walmsley Marina Barbara Klein Janet Raboud Alice Lin-in Tseng Sandra Lauren Blitz Neora Pick Brian Conway Jonathan Benjamin Angel Anita Rochelle Rachlis Kevin Gough Jeff Cohen David Haase David Burdge Fiona Mary Smaill Alexandra de Pokomandy Hugues Loemba Sylvie Trottier Charles Jean la Porte

BACKGROUND Although some studies show higher antiretroviral concentrations in women compared to men, data are limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study of HIV-positive women to determine if protease inhibitor (PI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) C(min) and Cmax values were significantly different than historical general population (predominantly male) averages and...

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