developing reliable yet flexible software is a hard problem. although modeling methods enjoy a lot of advantages, the exclusive use of just one of them, in many cases, may not guarantee the development of reliable and flexible software. formal modeling methods ensure reliability because they use a rigorous approach to software development. however, lack of knowledge and high cost practically fo...

In the simplest version of this activity, students inoculate a yeast suspension into glucose solutions of several concentrations. The glucose disappears, and the amount of CO2 produced is directly proportional to the initial amount of sugar in solution. This suggests a simple model of yeast fermentation. To challenge this model, students can perform parallel experiments in which the glucose con...

The new European Water Framework Directive (WFD) aims at improving water quality using an integrated approach to implement necessary societal and technical measures. Successful implementation of the WFD requires appropriate mathematical models and other tools to manage different phases of the planning procedure and to support decision making in various steps of the implementation process. Desig...

environmental pollution by 2,4-dicholorphenol (2,4-dcp), commonly found in industrial wastewater has been a concern for humans over the past 50 years. garden radish peroxidase (grp) can eliminate this poisonous pollutant. the aim of this study was to apply an experimental response surface methodology (rsm) and central composite design (ccd) to optimize grp-based treatment in order to maximize ...