Pulmonary surfactant is an essential lipid-protein complex that stabilizes the respiratory units (alveoli) involved in gas exchange. Quantitative or qualitative derangements in surfactant are associated with severe respiratory pathologies. The integrated regulation of surfactant synthesis, secretion, and metabolism is critical for air breathing and, ultimately, survival. The goal of this review...

Surfactant deficiency and the resultant respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) seen in preterm infants is a major cause of respiratory morbidity in this population. Until recently, the contribution of surfactant to respiratory morbidity in infancy was limited to the neonatal period. It is now recognised that inborn errors of surfactant metabolism leading to surfactant dysfunction account for aroun...

in the mitochondria. The amount produced depends on the rate of metabolism and the relative amounts of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolized.Theamount isabout200mlmin 1 when at rest and eating amixeddiet; this utilises 80% of the oxygen consumed, giving a respiratory quotient of 0.8 (respiratory quotient 1⁄4 rate of carbon dioxide production divided by rate of oxygen consumption). A carbohy...

Ethanol inhibits the respiratory burst of neutrophils. Therefore, the effects of alcohol-based skin disinfection on oxygen metabolism in neutrophils were tested using 70% ethanol or an ethanol-isopropanol-n-propanol mixture. Neutrophil respiratory burst activity as assessed fluorometrically by oxidation of 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate increased at 10 min after disinfection with 70% etha...

the aim of present study is investigating effect of treated lemon pulp by saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast on protein and energy metabolism in goats was fed with this product. in this experiment 8 goats from raini breed were used for 21 days period; 16 days for adaptation and 5 days for sampling, to investigate the effect of processing lemon pulp by saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast on protein recei...

conclusions ramadan fasting resulted in weight loss even it was only a temporary effect, as the weight was quickly regained within one month after fasting. the catabolism catabolic state, which is related to protein loss, was not triggered during ramadan fasting. further research is needed to evaluate the effects of weight loss during ramadan fasting in healthy individuals. results by the 28th ...

a study of the relationship between the disorder of glucose metabolism and ischemic heart disease was performed on 122 patients and 100 controls in loghman-dowleh adham’s medical center in tehran. the gtt abnormality was found in only 8% of the control group while for the patients with the heart ischemia the prevalence was 62.3%. prevalence of glucose metabolic disorder among men with acute myo...

We are in the process of constructing a kinetic model of mitochondrial metabolism including the electron transport (respiratory chain), the TCA cycle, the fatty acid metabolism (β oxidation), the inner-membrane metabolite carriers, the protein carriers, and the mitochondrial gene expression system. In this work, we report a model of these metabolic pathways that has been recently completed usin...

Human tests show that long-term high-fat diet adaptation can increase fat oxidation in the exercise significantly than high-carbohydrates. Fewer studies focus on single high fat diet on glucose and lipid metabolism and the change of fat oxidation. This test attempts to use respiratory quotient as an effective indicator to reflect the body's metabolism of glucose and lipid and evaluate the oxida...