How can disciplinary research in physiology complement wheat breeding? This introductory chapter is intended to provide broad guidelines to help breeding programs: 1) assess whether physiological criteria should be included in a breeding strategy; 2) evaluate specific physiological selection traits and determine their usefulness in breeding. The other chapters in this book provide more explicit...

In temperate cereals, such as wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), the transition to reproductive development can be accelerated by prolonged exposure to cold (vernalization). We examined the role of the grass-specific MADS box gene ODDSOC2 (OS2) in the vernalization response in cereals. The barley OS2 gene (HvOS2) is expressed in leaves and shoot apices but is repressed by v...

for increasing cropping intensity, improving soil quality, and controlling erosion in the conventional fallow areas For most of a century, the wide spread practice of growing only (Papendick, 1998). However, research with spring crops, one crop every other year in a tillage-based wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–fallow rotation has degraded soils and contributed to environmenand in particular with ...

Flowering, the transition from the vegetative to the generative phase, is a decisive time point in the lifecycle of a plant. Flowering is controlled by a complex network of transcription factors, photoreceptors, enzymes and miRNAs. In recent years, several studies gave rise to the hypothesis that this network is also strongly involved in the regulation of other important lifecycle processes ran...

Genetic improvements in heat tolerance of wheat provide a potential adaptation response to long-term warming trends, and may also boost yields in wheat-growing areas already subject to heat stress. Yet there have been few assessments of recent progress in breeding wheat for hot environments. Here, data from 25 years of wheat trials in 76 countries from the International Maize and Wheat Improvem...

to better understanding of drought resistance features including tolerance to chemical desiccation and transient photosynthesis under soil moisture stress in triticale in comparison with wheat and barley, an experiment was conducted during year 2009-10 in grizeh agricultural research station located in sanandaj. effect of three soil moisture regimes including irrigation in soil water potential ...

A 5 yr study in the semiarid wheat production region of eastern Washington documented the relative densities of pest aphids and their natural enemies in cereal production systems using on-farm replicated plots. The systems were reduced-tillage soft white winter wheat (SWW) (Triticum aestivum L.)—summer fallow rotation; no-till soft white spring wheat (SWS)— chemical fallow rotation; continuous ...

TESAŘOVá, M., KUDLIČKA, P., POSPÍŠILOVá, L., KALHOTKA, L., HRABĚ, f.: Comparison of mineralisation and humification of postharvest residues of cereals in conventional and organic cropping. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2006, LIV, No. 1, pp. 121–126 Yearly inputs and transformations of above – and underground plant residues of winter wheat and spring barley were followed in „intens...