[1] We investigate flow and solute transport in a heterogeneous unsaturated soil under gravity-driven flow conditions using a direct simulation Monte Carlo method. We account for the cross correlation between the heterogeneous fields of unsaturated flow parameters representing a silty loam. We determine through particle tracking the statistical moments of the travel time distribution for nonpoi...

Kurzfassung. Der Einsatz von 3D-Ultraschall ist für zahlreiche medizinische Applikationen interessant. Ein 3D-Ultraschall Datensatz kann aus 2D-Schichtbildern rekonstruiert werden, wenn deren Positionen im Raum bekannt ist. Mittels eines Trackingsystems kann die Position eines Schallkopfes im Raum verfolgt werden. Die Beziehung von Bildebene und Schallkopf muss durch eine Kalibrierung bestimmt ...

Einsatzübungen sind ein wichtiges Instrument, um hauptund ehrenamtliche Helfer und Führungskräfte im Rettungsdienst auf Großschadenslagen vorzubereiten. Die Auswertung solcher Übungen sollte so erfolgen, dass eine Vergleichbarkeit und Unabhängigkeit vom Einsatzkonzept gegeben ist. Außerdem sollten Zeitaspekte und die Qualität der Patientenversorgung eine Rolle spielen. Dieser Artikel beschreibt...

conclusions listening to the relaxant music can reduce postoperative pain. it is suggested that relaxant music be used as a complementary method in patients in order to reduce prospective pain. results before intervention, the mean of pain intensity was 6.32 ± 0.21 and 6.10 ± 0.21 for experimental and control groups, respectively; and the difference was not significant (p = 0.21). after interve...

We introduce a model for prediction the behavior of electrodes which modified withcarbon nanotubes in a polymer medium. These kinds of polymer composites aredeveloped in recent years, and experimental data for its percolation threshold isavailable. We construct a model based on percolation theory and fractal dimensionsand using experimental percolation threshold for calculating the moments of c...

Upscaling in situ soil moisture observations (ISMO) to multiscale pixel estimations with kriging is a key step in the comprehensive usage of ISMO and remote sensing (RS) soil moisture data. Scale effects occur and introduce uncertainties during upscaling processes because of spatial heterogeneity and the kriging method. A nested hierarchical scale series was established at the field level, and ...

The observation could be used to reduce the model uncertainties with data assimilation. If the observation cannot cover the whole model area due to spatial availability or instrument ability, how to do data assimilation at locations not covered by observation? Two commonly used strategies were firstly described: One is covariance localization (CL); the other is observation localization (OL). Co...

Soil surface roughness (SSR) is a parameter highly suited to the study of soil susceptibility to wind and water erosion. The development of a methodology for quantifying SSR is therefore instrumental to soil evaluation. We developed such a method, based on the multifractal analysis (MFA) of soil elevation measurements collected at the intersections on a 2by 2-cm grid in a 200by 200-cm plot. Sam...

Both estimation and simulation approaches are formulated as the selection of a set of attribute values that are optimal for criteria that are typically conflicting. Estimation amounts to minimize local criteria such as a local error variance, whereas stochastic simulation aims to reproduce global Ž . statistics such as the histogram or semivariogram. A simulated annealing SA algorithm is presen...

The spatial heterogeneity on a regional scale of forest biomass is caused by multiple biotic and abiotic factors. However, the contributions factors to remain unclear. Based data National Forest Continuous Inventory (NFCI), digital elevation model (DEM), meteorological Guizhou Province in 2015, we studied aboveground province evaluated contribution rates its influencing using Moran’s I, semivar...