Climate change and its possible impacts on the environment and socio-economic systems now constitute the most important environmental problem facing mankind in the 21st century. Climate change will increase poverty and hardship, endanger food security, destabilize economies, decrease food and water and create social insecurity in many countries and undermine our goals for achieving sustainable ...

the remarkable development of sciences and technologies in the world of]o today has apparently brought mankind comfort and well-being, but it has also created new problems for humans including environmental pollution, widespread changes in world weather conditions, etc. fossil fuels cause numerous environmental pollutions. in other words, on the one hand poisonous gases enter the environment fo...

In the science of operation research and decision theory, selection is the most important process. Selection is a process that studies multiple qualitative and quantitative criteria, related to the science of management, which are mostly incompatible with each other. The multi criteria selection of a renewable energy portfolio is one of the main issues considered in multi criteria literatur...

The development of renewable energies particularly energy from wind, water, solar power and biomass is a central aim of the European Commission's energy policy. There are several reasons for this choice: renewable energies are sustainable, nonpolluting, widely available and clean. Increasing the share of renewable energy in the energy balance enhances sustainability. It also helps to improve th...

With a dependence on finite natural resources, increasing energy demands and increasing environmental problems, the use of renewable resources becomes even more important. This is one part of a sustainable development. The ultimate source of most of our renewable energy supplies is the sun. The world’s primary energy use is easily exceeded by the solar energy by a factor of about 10000 [1]. The...

Since renewable energies have been and will be massively integrated, electrical power grids require more refined generation dispatch modes and smarter communication methods. In this paper, the real-time generation dispatch and communication architecture of smart grid with renewable energy are studied. Firstly, the technical characteristics and application background of smart grid communication ...