Release of substance P (SP) from sensory nerve endings of the tracheobronchial system modulates airway smooth muscle contraction and may cause relaxation of precontracted airways. We sought to elucidate the effect of postnatal maturation on SP-induced relaxation of precontracted airways and determine the roles of endogenously generated nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PGs). Cylindrical air...

Bronchodilators are important agents in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive airways disease. Beta agonists, theophyllines, and antimuscarinic agents are the main drugs in current use, but others are under investigation. Although other actions may be important, these drugs produce bronchodilation either by a direct effect on airway smooth muscle or by inhibiting neural pathways. As o...

Prune belly syndrome (PBS) is a rare congenital disease presenting characteristic triad of abdominal muscle deficiency, urinary tract abnormality, and cryptorchidism with associated anomalies various systems. We report the anesthetic management an infant PBS no obvious facial deformity in whom we encountered unanticipated difficult airway. Multiple attempts to secure airway different supraglott...

It has been suggested that papaverine relaxes the smooth muscle through inhibition of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) and subsequent accumulation of cellular cyclic AMP (1-4). On the other hand, our previous study indicated that the relaxant effect of papaverine on the smooth muscle is partially due to a mechanism which is only activated in the presence of external sodium ion (5). Therefore,...

Cobra venom consists of a neurotoxin which is responsible for respiratory paralysis simulating that associated with a non-depolarizing muscle relaxant. A combination of artificial respiration and neostigmine has been useful in resuscitating a child bitten by a snake.

Motor depressant effects of diazepam were studied in the intact, decerebrate and high spinal cat. Diazepam (0.125516 mg/kg, i.v.) produced a depression of both the patellar and linguomandibular reflexes in the intact cat. In the high spinal (Cl) cat only the linguomandibular reflex was depressed. Facilitation and inhibition of the patellar reflex elicited in both intact and high spinal (Cl) cat...

background: n-acetylcysteine (nac) has been indicated against experimental seizures, but with relatively inconclusive results. this study was undertaken to evaluate whether nac exerts a dose-dependent anticonvulsant effect and to determine nac safe therapeutic dose range and its muscle-relaxant activity in both acute and chronic uses. methods: following intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of ...