Case vignette: a 60-year-old man visits his physician for assessment of his 10-year cardiovascular risk. On the basis of his systolic blood pressure, lipid profile, smoking status, and the fact that he is nondiabetic, the Framingham risk score estimates his risk to be 8%. The physician wonders if he could further specify the patients risk by performing an additional test like coronary calcium s...

BACKGROUND Since when in 1981 a case-control study showed a positive association between coffee and pancreatic cancer, several studies reported inconsistent results on this issue. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a systematic bibliography search updated March 2011 to identify observational studies providing quantitative estimates for pancreatic cancer risk in relation to coffee consumption....

Railroads in North America have recently come under pressure to avoid transporting certain high hazard materials through metropolitan areas. There are two principal reasonsfear of terrorist attack and concern about the risk of an accident-caused release. Consequently, a number of municipalities are considering legislation to block hazardous materials transportation through their communities, th...

Abstract: Chemical storage tank leakage in petrochemical wharf is a serious economic, environmental and safety problem. Risk assessment is an effective way to identify chemical storage tank hazards and provides a guide for accident prevention in petrochemical wharf enterprises. Based on the characteristics of chemical storage tank zone, this paper proposes a real-time relative risk assessment m...

This paper focuses on analyzing the spatial pattern of residential burglaries in London, Ontario. It discusses the problems associated with using geo-referenced data on residential burglary incidents. The relative risk ratio is applied as a measure of the intensity of residential burglaries. The highest relative risks of residential burglaries are found in the core area of the city and the risk...

BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have shown that the consumption of soy foods may be associated with a reduction in cancer risk in humans. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis on the association between soy consumption and prostate cancer risk in men. DESIGN We systematically reviewed studies obtained through a thorough Medline literature search and identified ...

Lycopene is potentially effective in the prevention of breast cancer from laboratory and observational studies. Among 39,876 women initially free of cardiovascular disease and cancer, we first conducted a prospective cohort study of dietary lycopene and its food sources. Participants completed a baseline food frequency questionnaire and provided self-reports of breast cancer risk factors. Dieta...

BACKGROUND Association between dietary protein intake and colorectal cancer risk has not been fully quantified, while the results were controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the role of protein intake in the development of colorectal cancer. METHODS PUBMED and EMBASE were searched up to December 2016. Two independent reviewers independently extracted data from eligible studies. Relative ...

Previous meta-analysis indicated conflicting results in case-control versus cohort studies on the association of green tea with breast cancer risk, and conflicting results were also found in case-control versus cohort studies in another meta-analysis on the association of black tea with breast cancer risk. Many studies were published after the previous meta-analysis. Besides, the dose-response ...

CONTEXT Approximately 1.5 million US women experience intimate partner violence annually. Approximately 20% of these women obtain civil protection orders, but the effectiveness of such orders in preventing future violence is unclear. OBJECTIVE To assess associations between obtaining a protection order and risk of subsequent police-reported intimate partner violence. DESIGN, SETTING, AND SU...