Motivated by a recent report by Dickey et al. [Phys. Med. Biol. 46, 2359 (2001)], who demonstrated optical property retrieval by using relative radiance measurements at a single position, we investigate the uniqueness of relative radiance measurements for quantifying the optical properties of turbid media by studying the solutions of the diffusion and P3 approximations of the Boltzmann transfer...

in this paper by use of mathematical modeling of an observer [14,15] the notion of relative information functional for relative dynamical systemson compact metric spaces is presented. we extract the information function ofan ergodic dynamical system (x,t) from the relative information of t fromthe view point of observer χx, where x denotes the base space of the system.we also generalize the inv...

A relative reduct can be considered as a minimum set of attributes that preserves a certain classification property. This paper investigates three different classification properties, and suggests three distinct definitions accordingly. In the Pawlak rough set model, while the three definitions yield the same set of relative reducts in consistent decision tables, they may result in different se...

We introduce a relative notion of the ’big images and preimages’-property for random topological Markov chains. This then implies that a relative version of the Ruelle-Perron-Frobenius theorem holds with respect to summable and locally Hölder continuous potentials.

I introduce a property of player’s valuations that ensures the existence of an ex post e¢ cient equilibrium in asymmetric English auctions. The property is weaker than the one in Echenique and Manelli (2006) and is similar to that in Birulin and Izmalkov (2003). Relative to this latter paper and the work of Krishna (2003), the use of this property has the advantage of yielding the desired resul...