This paper discusses the sorts of observations of processes that are appropriate to capture priority. The standard denotational semantics for CSP are based around observations of traces and refusals. Choosing to record a little more detail allows extensions of CSP which describe some very general processes including those that include priority. A minimal set of observations yields a language an...

Parental refusal of a recommended treatment is not an uncommon scenario in the neonatal intensive care unit. These refusals may be based upon the parents' perceptions of their child's projected quality of life. The inherent subjectivity of quality of life assessments, however, can exacerbate disagreement between parents and healthcare providers. We present a case of parental refusal of surgical...

In a survey that included the same question about refusing service to gay and lesbian people due religious beliefs in two different batteries, some respondents offered answers. We probe framing issues inherent each battery find support for declines when is context of other group refusals could be considered civil rights issues. Additionally, inconsistent responses are also related order. posit ...

To communicate appropriately with native speakers to maintain communicative tasks like ordering food or refusing do a favor without any misunderstandings, learners need acquire the sociocultural features of target language (TL) pragmatic units speech acts. One source input providing these TL is coursebooks they use in classrooms. This study’s goal was explore strategy types and authenticity act...