Hemagglutination is widely used in transfusion medicine and depends on several factors including antigens, antibodies, electrical properties of red blood cells and the environment of the reaction. Intermolecular forces are involved in agglutination with cell clumping occurring when the aggregation force is greater than the force of repulsion. Repulsive force is generated by negative charges on ...

The genetic locus designated Dpg has two alleles in outbred Long-Evans rats. Genotype at this locus affects quantities of red cell 2,3- diphosphoglycerate (DPG) and adenosine triphosphate, as well as activities of two important glycolytic enzymes: phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. Intravascular red cell survival is shortened in low-DPG animals. In order to get closer to the specific acti...

Light is an effective factor in cell suspension culture and must be controlled for optimizing cell growth. Growth of anthocyanin producing suspension cells of a red-fleshed genotype of apple (RFA) was assessed in response to blue diode laser (BDL) and red He Ne (RHNL) laser. The suspension cells in L-shaped test tubes were exposed to short-term laser radiation for 20 min in a rotary shaker. The...

Background: Arsenic is one of the most toxic metalloids. Anemia and leukopenia are common results of poisoning with arsenic, which may happen due to a direct hemolytic or cytotoxic effect on blood cells. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Nasturtium officinale on blood cells and antioxidant enzymes in rats exposed to sodium (meta)arsenite. Methods: 32...

1. For the purpose to clarify the mechanism of the revolutional changes in energy metabolism during the reticulocyte maturation the metabolisms of glucose and of the pentose moieties of acid soluble nucleotides have been observed on rabbit reticulocytes incubated in vitro under various conditions. 2. The maturation of reticulocyte proceeds by using the energy produced by aerobic glycolysis and ...

a hydroponics study was carried out in order to understand the behavior of antioxidant enzymes, soluble protein content and its effect on cell death in different old leaves of durum wheat. two month after planting, the different old leaves were sampled and the activity of super oxide dismutase (sod), catalase, ascorbat peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase were measured. furthermore, the rate of c...

If as is now thought most genes achieve their effects by directing the synthesis of enzymes, genetic variation will be largely reflected by enzyme diversity. Such enzyme diversity in human populations is illustrated by studies on the recently dis covered genetically determined polymorphisms involving red cell acid phosphatase, phosphoglucomutase, adenylate kinase, and placental alkaline phospha...