The auxiliary latitudes are essential tools in cartography. This paper summarizes methods for converting between them with an emphasis on providing full double-precision accuracy. includes series expansions the third flattening, where truncation error is precisely measured and estimates of radii convergence given. Also new formulas given computing rectifying authalic minimal roundoff error.

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Image rectification is the process of applying a pair of 2 dimensional projective transforms, or homographies, to a pair of images whose epipolar geometry is known so that epipolar lines in the original images map to horizontally aligned lines in the transformed images. We propose a novel technique for image rectification based on geometrically well defined criteria such that image distortion d...

Activation of several inwardly rectifying K channels (Kir) requires the presence of phosphatidylinositol 4,5bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2). The constitutively active Kir2.1 (IRK1) channels interact with PtdIns(4,5)P2 strongly, whereas the G-protein activated Kir3.1/3.4 channels (GIRK1/GIRK4), show only weak interactions with PtdIns(4,5)P2. We investigated whether these inwardly rectifying K chann...

Yuji Yoshida shigeo suzuki Yuji Mukai Kazuo Nakatani Katsuhiko Fujiwara* Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Central Research Laboratory 3 15 Yagumo-Nakamachi Moriguchi, Osaka 570, JAPAN *Air-conditioner Division The use of mixed refrigerants for heat-pump cycles h ave attracted the attention of the International Energy Agency as an important subject of heat-pump technology and its re sear...

Among all voltage-gated K+ channels from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the weakly rectifying K+ channel (K(weak) channel) AKT2 displays unique gating properties. AKT2 is exceptionally regulated by phosphorylation: when nonphosphorylated AKT2 behaves as an inward-rectifying potassium channel; phosphorylation of AKT2 abolishes inward rectification by shifting its activation threshold far ...

PURPOSE To identify and partially characterize the ionic currents contributing to the whole-cell conductance of cultured human corneal epithelial cells. METHODS Epithelial cells were scraped from human donor corneas and cultured for use in patch-clamp experiments. Amphotericin B and the perforated-patch configuration were used to measure whole-cell currents in cells isolated from confluent mo...

Itazawa, Shun-Ichi, Tadashi Isa, and Seiji Ozawa. Inwardly taken from a set of four proteins; GluR1 (GluR-A), GluR2 rectifying and Ca-permeable AMPA-type glutamate receptor (GluR-B), GluR3 (GluR-C), and GluR4 (GluR-D). Exchannels in rat neocortical neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2592– pression studies have shown that functional properties of 2605, 1997. Current-voltage (I-V ) relations and Ca pe...