We have developed a new algorithm and configuration for self-eliminating the autocorrelation of the object wave in Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography. A self-interferogram of the object wave is acquired synchronously with the standard interferogram of the recombined object and reference waves. The former is then subtracted from the latter after Fourier transformation. The algorithm is ...

This study first describes a straightforward approach for the preparation of polymethacrylate-based networks containing variable amounts lipoates. For this purpose, butyl methacrylate and 1,2-dithiolane derivative hydroxymethylmethacrylate are copolymerized in different ratios by free-radical polymerization with formation linear network precursors. After optimizing copolymerization conditions, ...

We studied the dynamics of site-specific recombination by the resolvase encoded by the Escherichia coli transposon Tn3. The pure enzyme recombined supercoiled plasmids containing two directly repeated recombination sites, called res sites. Resolvase is the first strictly site-specific topoisomerase. It relaxed only plasmids containing directly repeated res sites; substrates with zero, one or tw...

VAR2CSA is the main candidate for a pregnancy malaria vaccine, but vaccine development may be complicated by sequence polymorphism. Here, we obtained partial or full-length var2CSA sequences from 106 parasites and applied novel computational methods and three-dimensional modeling to investigate VAR2CSA geographic variation and selection pressure. Our analysis reveals structural patterns of VAR2...

The goal of this chapter and this volume in general is to provide a beginning sketch of the view that the successes and failures of memory are a reflection of skill in interacting with memory eVectively rather than an expression of inherent qualities or liabilities of memory itself. In this chapter, I review examples of how particular capacities of memory can be conceptualized as interactions b...

Recombination cloning encompasses a set of technologies that transfer gene sequences between vectors through site-specific recombination. Due in part to the instability of linear DNA in bacteria, both the initial capture and subsequent transfer of gene sequences is often performed using purified recombination enzymes. However, we find linear DNAs flanked by loxP sites recombine efficiently in b...

Most RNA viruses encode their own RNA polymerases for genome replication, and increasing numbers of them appear to be capable of undergoing RNA recombination. Here, we provide the first report of intergenotypic recombination in hepatitis delta virus (HDV), the only animal RNA virus that requires host RNA polymerase(s) for viral replication. In vivo, we analyzed RNA species derived from the seru...

In transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae DNA enters the cell as single-strand fragments and integrates into the chromosome by homologous recombination. Deletions and insertions of a few hundred base pairs frequently stop the recombination process of a donor strand. In this work we took advantage of such interruptions of recombination to compare the transformation efficiencies of the segmen...

We have studied the genetic behavior of the alternating copolymer d(TG.AC)n inserted into a defined position in the genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. When d(TG.AC)n sequences were present at the HIS3 locus on homologous chromosomes, diploid cells undergoing meiosis generated an excess of tetrads containing reciprocally recombined products with crossover points close to the repetitiv...

Lactobacillus kunkeei is the most abundant bacterial species in the honey crop and food products of honeybees. The 16 S rRNA genes of strains isolated from different bee species are nearly identical in sequence and therefore inadequate as markers for studies of coevolutionary patterns. Here, we have compared the 1.5 Mb genomes of ten L. kunkeei strains isolated from all recognized Apis species ...