objective: helicobacter pylori is a spiral, microaerophilic gram negative bacterium, that multiplies and causes infection in human gastric mucosal layer. h.pylori infection, followed by destruction of gastric epithelial tissue, leads to gastric chronic inflammation, which can cause gastric and peptic ulcers. new approaches have focused on using specific treatments, such as immunotherapy, to era...

OBJECTIVES Recombinant protein subunit vaccines are formulated using protein antigens that have been synthesized in heterologous host cells. Several host cells are available for this purpose, ranging from Escherichia coli to mammalian cell lines. This article highlights the benefits of using yeast as the recombinant host. KEY FINDINGS The yeast species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pas...

The development of an effective vaccine is critical for prevention of a Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pandemic. Some studies have indicated the receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of MERS-CoV spike (S) is a good candidate antigen for a MERS-CoV subunit vaccine. However, highly purified proteins are typically not inherently immunogenic. We hypothesised that humoral an...

Introduction. Hepatitis C is a liver disease with high chronicity, the cause of cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. The main obstacle to controlling hepatitis lack vaccines.
 aim work was compare immunogenic activity nonstructural recombinant proteins NS3, NS4 NS5B virus (HCV) as components subunit candidate vaccine analyze adjuvant properties two available commercial drugs, polymuramil pyrogen...

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB). Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine, is not effective in adults, therefore, many efforts have been made to produce an effective adult TB vaccine. The aim of this study was to develop a new tuberculosis DNA vaccine candidate encoding a recombinant HspX-PPE44-EsxV fusion antigen of M. tuberculosis. Methods: ...

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale is a bacterial pathogen known for causing respiratory disease in poultry. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that cross-protective immunity against different O. rhinotracheale serotypes can be induced by live vaccination. Sera from these live-vaccinated and cross-protected birds were used to identify new vaccine targets by screening an O. rhinotrach...

PURPOSE At present, there is no vaccine available for the prevention of human brucellosis. Brucella outer membrane protein 2b (Omp2b) is a 36 kD porin existed in common Brucella pathogens and it is considered as priority antigen for designing a new subunit vaccine. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the current study, we aimed to predict and analyze the secondary and tertiary structures of the Brucella...

background: herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is highly prevalent and major cause of genital herpes in humans. the life-long nature of infection and the increasing prevalence of genital herpes imply that vaccination is the best strategy for controlling the spread of infection and limiting hsv disease. hsv glycoprotein d (gd) is one of the most important viral immunogen which has an essential ...