Since the early days of human life on the Earth, our skin has been exposed to different levels of light. Recently, due to inevitable consequences of modern life, humans are not exposed to adequate levels of natural light during the day but they are overexposed to relatively high levels of artificial light at night. Skin is a major target of oxidative stress and the link between aging and oxidat...

Lutein and zeaxanthin are antioxidants found in the human retina and macula. Recent clinical trials have determined that age- and diet-related loss of lutein and zeaxanthin enhances phototoxic damage to the human eye and that supplementation of these carotenoids has a protective effect against photoinduced damage to the lens and the retina. Two of the major mechanisms of protection offered by l...

About 10 years ago we discovered that bubbling nitric oxide (NO) gas into KrebsRinger bicarbonate solution containing isolated precontracted strips of bovine coronary artery caused a rapid and pronounced, but transient, relaxant response that was antagonized by oxidized hemoproteins, such as methemoglobin, and by methylene blue. NO activated soluble guanylate cyclase prepared from coronary arte...

About 10 years ago we discovered that bubbling nitric oxide (NO) gas into KrebsRinger bicarbonate solution containing isolated precontracted strips of bovine coronary artery caused a rapid and pronounced, but transient, relaxant response that was antagonized by oxidized hemoproteins, such as methemoglobin, and by methylene blue. NO activated soluble guanylate cyclase prepared from coronary arte...

Ferri/ferro-cyanide ([Fe(CN)6]3−/4−) redox couple has been extensively used as a benchmark to assess electrocatalytic degradation capability of boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. However, the [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− is far more sensitive surface terminal groups BDD than other factors (e.g. morphology and electrode configuration) that are closely related properties. Thus, inconsistency exists while co...