a 50-year-old male underwent a check-up for an insurance company. chest x-ray revealed a large ball-like lesion in the posterior mediastinum. the finding was confirmed by computed tomography (ct) scan (figure 1). the patient was referred to our center, where he had a successful mass removal surgery (figure 2). pathology identified the mass as neurinoma.

Chest X-ray ( fig. 1 a, arrows) and a contrast-enhanced CT scan ( fig. 1 b) demonstrated a well-defined, homogeneous, pleural soft-tissue mass close to the right diaphragm. It was slightly enhanced, similar to that of a normal liver without any anatomic connection with subpleural, normal liver. A diagnostic CT-guided transthoracic A 65-year-old female who had never smoked presented with an abno...

Model-based image reconstruction (MBIR) methods for X-ray CT reconstruction can improve image quality and reduce patient X-ray dose. These methods produce images by solving high-dimensional, statistically motivated numerical optimization problems, but unfortunately the high computational costs of solving these problems have kept MBIR algorithms from reaching ubiquity in the clinic. In this pape...

PURPOSE Photon counting spectral breast CT is feasible in part due to using an adaptive filter. An adaptive filter provides flat x-ray intensity profile and constant x-ray energy spectrum across detector surface, decreases required detector count rate, and eliminates beam hardening artifacts. However, the altered x-ray exposure profiles at the breast and detector surface may influence the distr...

BACKGROUND Micro computed tomography (micro CT) has been shown to provide exceptionally high quality imaging of the fine structural detail within urinary calculi. We tested the idea that micro CT might also be used to identify the mineral composition of urinary stones non-destructively. METHODS Micro CT x-ray attenuation values were measured for mineral that was positively identified by infra...

Infants delivered prematurely often have respiratory distress related to surfactant deficiency or pneumonia. The current case describes a premature neonate who presented with increased work of breathing and recurrent left pneumothorax. Although chest x-ray showed left upper lobe changes consistent with pulmonary interstitial emphysema, subsequent CT scan performed due to recurrent pneumothorace...

The energy spectrum of X-ray photons after passage through an absorber contains information about its elemental composition. Thus, tissue characterisation becomes feasible provided that absorption characteristics can be measured or differentiated. Dual-energy CT uses two X-ray spectra enabling material differentiation by analysing material-dependent photo-electric and Compton effects. Elemental...

Musculoskeletal tuberculosis is the commonest form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis however Rib lesion is uncommon and occurs in zero to five percent of bone and joint tuberculosis. In our case report both chest X ray and CT were useful in demonstrating the skeletal lesion and also in the assessment of response to treatment, as follow up chest X ray and CT scan at 4 months and after 12 months of ...

Introduction: One of the most important parameters in x-ray CT imaging is the noise induced by detected scattered radiation. The detected scattered radiation is completely dependent on the scanner geometry as well as size, shape and material of the scanned object. The magnitude and spatial distribution of the scattered radiation in x-ray CT should be quantified for development of robust scatter...

The aim of this study was to evaluate adult patient doses in Russia in the context of patient protection. Effective doses from x-ray and nuclear medicine examinations were assessed using two approaches. The first was based on data collection performed by the authors in hospitals in St. Petersburg and other 17 Russian regions. The second approach was to assess mean doses through the collective d...