Significant advances in the diagnostic methods, surgical techniques, postoperative monitoring, and care of critically ill patients have favourably altered morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. For optimal results, however, nutritional therapy should be an integral part of present day life support systems. Basic knowledge in this field is essential in order to formulate a rational ap...

Let S be a rational projective surface given by means of parametrization whose base locus satisfies mild assumption. In this paper we present an algorithm that provides three maps f,g,h:A2⇢S⊂Pn such the union images covers S. As consequence, second generates two f,g˜:A2⇢S, its affine S∩An. case, number involved in cover is general optimal.

The necessity for some techniques which can be used in investigating equations arising in mathematical models describing real-life situations in population biology and economics has increased the interest in studying nonlinear and rational difference equations for the last four decades, see, for example, [1–23] and the references therein. In [8] the authors proposed the following research project.

Despite what the somewhat technical namemight suggest, multiple cue probability learning (MCPL) problems are commonly encountered in daily life. For instance, we may have to judge whether it will rain from cues such as temperature, humidity, and the time of year. Or, we may have to judge whether someone is telling the truth from cues such as pitch of voice, level of eye contact, and rate of eye...

T h e preface paradox strikes us as puzzling because we feel that if a person holds a set of inconsistent beliefs, i.e. beliefs such that at least one of them must be incorrect, then he should give at least one of them up. Equally, if a person’s belief is rational, then he has a right to hold it. Yet the preface example is prima facie a case in which a person holds an inconsistent set of belief...

Although they can be topologically different, two distinct transducers may actually recognize the same rational relation. Being able to test the equivalence of transducers allows to implement such operations as incremental minimization and iterative composition. This paper presents an algorithm for testing the equivalence of deterministic weighted finite-state transducers, and outlines an imple...

The paper exposits a number of key dynamic models from the field of economics. The models share the feature that evolution of the system is consistent with the optimizing behavior of rational economic agents. Specifically, the laws of motion that we investigate are solutions to discrete time dynamic decision processes. Even with rational agents and simple economic environments, a variety of com...

We introduce a new probabilistic approach to dealing with uncertainty, based on the observation that probability theory does not require that every event be assigned a probability. For a nonmeasurable event (one to which we do not assign a probability), we can talk about only the inner measure and outer measure of the event. Thus, the measure of belief in an event can be represented by an inter...