This study investigated how speech recognition in noise is affected by language proficiency for individual non-native speakers. The recognition of English and Chinese sentences was measured as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in sixty native Chinese speakers who never lived in an English-speaking environment. The recognition score for speech in quiet (which varied from 15%-92%) was...

The concept of language learning using technology has allowed both language instructors and learners to explore the effectiveness of the online learning approach. Such computermediated activities provide an online platform for ESL learners to further practise their language skills as their face-to-face contact learning hours are rather limited. Limited contact learning hours have an impact on E...

Speaking in English is an important skill to master gain upper hand a person’s academic and professional life. Different countries, where considered be foreign language, are emphasizing developing language learning teaching strategies the status of globalization. To achieve this goal, speaking skills play crucial role as it effective mode communication connect with world. This created immense n...

Meta-discourse markers are an inevitable part of oral proficiency which improve both the quality and comprehension of learners’ speech. While studies of oral meta-discourse have been conducted since the 1980s in a European or US context, they have remained relatively untouched in Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to seek the impact of both explicit and implicit teaching of formal meta-discourse...

Although the operational scoring of the TOEFL iBT speaking section features the overall judgment of an examinee's speaking ability, the evaluation of specific components of speech such as delivery (pace and clarity of speech) and language use (vocabulary and grammar use) may be a promising approach to providing diagnostic information to learners. This study used an evidence-centered design appr...