OBJECTIVE To determine within-rater and between-rater reliability of the universal goniometer (UG) for measuring active cervical range of motion (ACROM) in asymptomatic healthy subjects. METHODS Nineteen healthy subjects were tested in an identical seated position. Two raters used UG to measure active cervical movements of flexion, extension, right side flexion, left side flexion, right rotat...

This study presented a model-based image-matching (MBIM) motion analysis technique for ankle joint kinematic measurement. Five cadaveric below-hip specimens were manipulated through a full range of ankle joint motions in bare-foot and shoed conditions. The ankle motions were analyzed by bone-pin marker-based motion analysis and MBIM motion analysis techniques respectively. The root mean square ...

OBJECTIVE To translate and validate the Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (SPRS) into Brazilian-Portuguese. METHOD Two experienced and English-fluent neurologists translated SPRS into Portuguese, creating SPRS-BR. We then assessed inter and intra-rater reliability of this version using coefficients of correlation and variability in a cohort of 30 patients. RESULTS Mean age of patients and dis...

E-rater® has been used by the Educational Testing Service for automated essay scoring since 1999. This paper describes a new version of e-rater (V.2) that is different from other automated essay scoring systems in several important respects. The main innovations of e-rater V.2 are a small, intuitive, and meaningful set of features used for scoring; a single scoring model and standards can be us...

BACKGROUND Clinical success of total ankle arthroplasty depends heavily on the available information on the morphology of the bones, often obtained from measurements on planar radiographs. The current study aimed to evaluate the intra-rater, inter-rater and inter-session reliability and the validity of radiograph-based measurements of ankle morphology, and to quantify the effects of examiner ex...

The hierarchical rater model (HRM) re-cognizes the hierarchical structure of data that arises when raters score constructed response items. In this approach, raters’ scores are not viewed as being direct indicators of examinee proficiency but rather as indicators of essay quality; the (latent categorical) quality of an examinee’s essay in turn serves as an indicator of the examinee’s proficienc...

E-rater® has been used by the Educational Testing Service for automated essay scoring since 1999. This paper describes a new version of e-rater (V.2) that is different from other automated essay scoring systems in several important respects. The main innovations of e-rater V.2 are a small, intuitive, and meaningful set of features used for scoring; a single scoring model and standards can be us...

Abstract This study aimed to examine the impacts of computerized dynamic assessment (C-DA) and rater-mediated on test anxiety, writing performance, oral proficiency Iranian EFL learners. Based Preliminary English Test (PET) results, a sample 64 intermediate participants was chosen from 93 students. Running convenience sampling technique, target test-takers were randomly divided into experimenta...

PurposeTo develop a specified radiographic scoring system for the pubic symphysis and adjacent bones, to examine intra- inter-rater reproducibility of this system.MethodDevelopment protocol was performed in three stages using AP pelvis radiographs 102 male adult athletes. The final included 5 overall items, which further specification locations: 1) bone lucency (erosion-like configuration cysts...