نتایج جستجو برای: randomized control trials

تعداد نتایج: 1650416  

Journal: :Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 2008
Boris Freidlin Edward L Korn Robert Gray Alison Martin

A major challenge in the development of anticancer therapies is the considerable time and resources needed for conducting randomized clinical trials (RCT). There is a need for more efficient RCT designs that accelerate development, minimize costs, and make trials more appealing to patients. We review the statistical and logistical characteristics of multi-arm designs that compare several experi...

Journal: :Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making 2009
Sarah J Lord Les Irwig Patrick M M Bossuyt

The decision to use a new test should be based on evidence that it will improve patient outcomes or produce other benefits without adversely affecting patients. In principle, long-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of test-plus-treatment strategies offer ideal evidence of the benefits of introducing a new test relative to current best practice. However, long-term RCTs may not always be ne...

Journal: :Clinical orthodontics and research 1998
L E Johnston

Events of the past decade or so argue that there is little support in the literature for much of the specialty's treatment portfolio. The resulting call for 'evidence-based' treatment (not to mention the obvious intellectual bankruptcy of much of the clinical literature) has prompted many to argue that the randomized clinical trial (RCT) represents the future of orthodontic clinical investigati...

2014
Raha Habib Agahi Nader Navabi Arash Shahravan Amirreza Ghassemi

OBJECTIVE Considering the importance of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in the evidence-based approach, the objective of this study was critical appraisal of reporting RCTs in Iranian dental journals. MATERIALS AND METHODS After adequate searching, 113 RCT articles published during 2003-2010 were reviewed for quality of reporting with the CONSORT scale. The quality of each paper was assesse...

Journal: :Journal of biopharmaceutical statistics 2016
Rominder Romi Singh

As randomized clinical trial (RCT) programs have increasingly become more global geographically, numerous challenges have resulted. One issue that arises with such global programs is the sometimes differing regulatory advice or requirements on primary or secondary endpoints. The International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use...

2012
Mark Bennett

This critical review examines the effects of notched-sound therapy on the human auditory system and its’ potential as a novel and effective treatment option for tinnitus. Studies evaluated consisted of one mixed groups randomized clinical trial, two mixed groups pseudorandomized clinical trials, and two mixed groups non-randomized clinical trials. Analyses of these studies revealed moderate evi...

2013
Samuel A. Mehr Adena Schachner Rachel C. Katz Elizabeth S. Spelke

Young children regularly engage in musical activities, but the effects of early music education on children's cognitive development are unknown. While some studies have found associations between musical training in childhood and later nonmusical cognitive outcomes, few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been employed to assess causal effects of music lessons on child cognition and no cle...

Journal: :ACP journal club 2002
C Raina Elley Bruce Arroll

S t u d y s e l e c t i o n Studies published in English were included if they were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing interventions that included aerobic exercise (treatment group) with interventions without aerobic exercise (control group), lasted ≥ 2 weeks, reported changes in blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, or both) from baseline to follow-up with the corresponding variances...

2014
Despina Koletsi Padhraig S. Fleming Jadbinder Seehra Pantelis G. Bagos Nikolaos Pandis

Sample size calculations are advocated by the CONSORT group to justify sample sizes in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The aim of this study was primarily to evaluate the reporting of sample size calculations, to establish the accuracy of these calculations in dental RCTs and to explore potential predictors associated with adequate reporting. Electronic searching was undertaken in eight le...

Journal: :Archives of general psychiatry 2002
Helena Chmura Kraemer G Terence Wilson Christopher G Fairburn W Stewart Agras

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) not only are the gold standard for evaluating the efficacy and effectiveness of psychiatric treatments but also can be valuable in revealing moderators and mediators of therapeutic change. Conceptually, moderators identify on whom and under what circumstances treatments have different effects. Mediators identify why and how treatments have effects. We describe ...

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