BACKGROUND Survival of random-pattern skin flaps is important for the success of plastic and reconstructive surgeries. This study investigates isoflurane-induced protection against ischemia of skin flap and the underlying molecular mechanism in this process. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human skin fibroblast cells were exposed to isoflurane for 4 h. Expression o...

BACKGROUND We present the cases of 2 patients with invasive thyroid cancer, who underwent reconstructive surgery using a deltopectoral flap. Although the overall rate of extrathyroidal extension in patients with thyroid cancer is quite low, skin invasion is the most common pattern observed. Reconstructive surgery, involving local skin flaps, is required in these patients. The deltopectoral flap...

A subcutaneous pedicle ulnar flap used to cover a skin defect around the wrist is reported. Unlike the standard ulnar flap, which is isolated around the dorsal branch of the ulnar artery and its associated veins, this flap is based on the ascending branch of the dorsal branch of the ulnar artery more proximally to obtain a longer vascular pedicle. A subcutaneous pedicle flap that contained the ...

BACKGROUND Although there are many surgical treatments for covering the skin defect of the fore-mid foot, how to reconstruct the weight-bearing region remains a challenge. The weight-bearing region of the sole needs to withstand the pressure and shearing stresses of walking, so the plantar skin is anatomically different from other skins in the areas of texture, thickness, subcutaneous tissue, e...

Free osteocutaneous fibular grafts, revascularised by microvascular anastomoses, have been used for one-stage reconstruction of extensive bone and skin loss in the lower leg in seven patients. The addition of an integral skin flap to a vascularised fibular graft makes reconstruction of bone defects with significant skin loss possible, and the technique for designing and raising such a flap is p...

We present a case of an epithelioid sarcoma of the right groin in which wide resection resulted in a complex groin defect involving the full thickness of the abdominal wall and the perineum. We reconstructed the defect using a combination of pedicled anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap and gluteal fold flap. The functional and aesthetic results were satisfactory. The ALT flap with a robust iliotibia...

OBJECTIVE To describe a technical modification that facilitates dorsal skin closure, improves cosmesis and eliminates chordee recurrence secondary to contracture of the dorsal penile skin in the repair of epispadias. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eleven patients with penopubic epispadias (mean age 1.8 years) had the epispadias repaired using a modified ventral penile skin flap. Four patients had isola...

Development of a secondary primary cancer in a skin flap is a rare complication. A 70-year-old man underwent partial laryngopharyngectomy, right neck dissection and reconstruction with a radial forearm free flap in 2004. Five years later, an exophytic tumor was found on the hypopharynx reconstructed with the radial forearm free flap. He underwent total laryngopharyngectomy, left neck dissection...

BACKGROUND Reconstruction of upper extremity deformities continues to be a challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Various loco regional, distant and free flaps are available for reconstruction. However, each has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Of the commonly performed local flaps, radial artery forearm flap, and the posterior interosseus artery flap stand out prominently. Rec...

BACKGROUND The pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap has been used as a versatile and reliable flap since its first description by Ariyan in 1979. In India head and neck cancer patients usually present in the advanced stage making PMMC flap a viable option for reconstruction. Although free flap using microvascular technique is the standard of care, its use is limited by the availability of ...