Previous studies on the measurement of learning-by-doing emphasize the importance of accounting for multi-vintage effects having an impact on firms’ production costs through economies of scope. This study shows that accounting for cannibalization effects on the demand side is equally important for the adequate measurement of learning. Since multi-vintage firms anticipate the demand-side canniba...

This paper presents all simple (i.e., not linked) static fault models that have been shown to exist for Random Access Memories (RAMs), and shows that none of the current industrial march tests has the capability to detect all these faults. It therefore introduces a new test (March SS), with a test length of 22n, that detects all realistic simple static faults in RAMs.

Disk-based computation provides a major new application of disks in addition to the three traditional uses: file systems, databases, and virtual memory. Our working group has coined the term disk-based computation to describe our five year effort for using parallel disks in scientific computations. Disk-based computation makes use of the many disks already available in a computational cluster. ...

Unlike magnetic disks, NAND flashes can be written a limited number of times. As flash memory densities increase and cell sizes shrink, further decreases in write endurance is expected. Although some mitigation is achieved by wear leveling, write endurance remains a concern for write intensive applications. In this research, we use a DRAM cache to filter write traffic to flash by coalescing and...

Memories based on charge storage principle are used since many decades. The greater speed and higher density of memory chips are now achieved at lower costs. However, speed and size are gradually approaching the physical limits. Newer memory concepts are therefore being explored. This paper presents a discussion on different random access memories based on new concepts. An overview of emerging ...

In this work, we propose a new batching scheme called temporal merge, which dispatches discontiguous block requests using a single I/O operation. It overcomes the disadvantages of narrow block interface and enables an OS to exploit peak throughput of a storage device for small random requests as well as a single large request. Temporal merge significantly enhances device and channel utilization...

In this work, we develop novel file system, FRASH, for byteaddressable NVRAM (FRAM[1]) and NAND Flash device. Byte addressable NVRAM and NAND Flash is typified by the DRAM-like fast access latency and high storage density, respectively. Hierarchical storage architecture which consists of byte-addressable NVRAM and NAND Flash device can bring synergy and can greatly enhance the efficiency of fil...

SUMMARY Recent technologies for increasing memory density in random access memory optical disks including magnetic super resolution method, super resolution method in phase change disk, blue laser diode, near field optics, and photo chromic memory are reviewed.