This paper gives an outline of our research on how to combine modelling and meta-modelling to methodically generate reflective middleware family configurations. From our partial results we have identified some research challenges and questions that bring together the areas Model-Driven Software Development, Reflection, and Aspect Oriented Software Development.

A simple theory suggests that a common form of federal horizontal equalization grants should cause subnational governments to levy higher tax rates, distorting local tax bases and so increasing federal transfers. To test this, I examine Canadian provincial tax policies in the 1972-2002 period. Consistent with the theory, provinces respond to expansions of equalization transfers by increasing th...

the present time almost every charitable institution in this country, with the exception of the fortunate few which are substantially endowed, is faced with the problem of financing its work. Methods of all kinds are being tried, ranging from the ambitious Hospitals of London Combined Appeal to the humble flag-day in the country village for the county hospital. There is not sufficient evidence ...

ANNALS EDITORIAL This is probably the first time that the Promoting new support systems in discussing the implications of the new Academy's Journal is making serious Neurosciences regulation allowing scientists to start their effort to acquire leadership in research companies representative of Annals of Neurosciences aims to lead Neuroscience Journalism by sharing enhanced Academia-Industry par...

We consider the theory of algebraically closed fields of characteristic zero with raising to powers operations. In an earlier paper we have described complete first-order theories of such a structures, provided that a diophantine conjecture CIT does hold. Here we get rid of this assumption. The theory of complex numbers with raising to real powers satisfies the description if Schanuel’s conject...

Compilers for polymorphic languages are required to treat values in programs in an abstract and generic way at the source level. The challenges of optimizing the boxing of raw values, flattening of argument tuples, and raising the arity of functions that handle complex structures to reduce memory usage are old ones, but take on newfound import with processors that have twice as many registers. ...

Captive breeding and rearing giant tortoises still represents a challenge and little scientific evidence is available on the requirements of juvenile and adult giant tortoises. Zoo veterinarians must know that developmental diseases are the main risk in the raising process. Respiratory tract disease, endoparasites and biting are other pathologic conditions that have been observed in juvenile gi...

Humans and other animals are often touted as examples of systems that possess general intelligence. However, rarely if ever do they achieve high levels of intelligence and autonomy on their own: they are raised by parents and caregivers in a society with peers and seniors, who serve as teachers and examples. Current methods for developing artificial learning systems typically do not account for...

This article presents a technique for proving problems hard for classes of the polynomial hierarchy or for PSPACE. The rationale of this technique is that some problem restrictions are able to simulate existential or universal quantifiers. If this is the case, reductions from Quantified Boolean Formulae (QBF) to these restrictions can be transformed into reductions from QBFs having one more qua...