Long, continuous records of Late Quaternary environmental change are rare in Southeast Asia, yet they are crucial for understanding the nature of early human dispersal and occupation in the Australasian region. We present a new record of palaeomonsoon activity extending back to 35,000 BP (years before the present), based on the analysis of oxygen isotope ratios (d18O) in the freshwater bivalve ...

Introduction. Recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) is approved for preparation of thyroid remnant ablation with radioactive iodine (RAI) in low risk patients with well differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). We studied the safety and efficacy of rhTSH preparation for RAI treatment of thyroid cancer patients with nodal metastatic disease. Methods. A retrospective analysis was perfo...

OBJECTIVE To compare cost of treating hyperthyroidism with antithyroid medications (ATD) versus radioactive iodine (RAI). As secondary outcome we also analyzed data in terms of remission rates. METHODS This was a retrospective comparative analysis of hyperthyroid patients treated with ATD or RAI from January 2000 to December 2005. Cost of ATD, TSH. FT4, doctors visits; thyroid technetium scan...

Differentiated thyroid carcinomas are typically treated with total thyroidectomy as initial therapy. Subsequent radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation destroys post-surgical thyroid remnants, can additionally provide adjuvant therapy of residual and metastatic thyroid cancers, and enhances the sensitivity and specificity of further diagnostic studies. There is current controversy regarding whether a...

There are three major therapeutic options for the treatment of Graves' disease (GD): antithyroid drugs (ATDs), thyroidectomy, and radio-iodine (RAI) therapy. ATDs are the initial treatment option for children. However, some pediatric GD patients who are initially treated with ATDs require other type of treatments later on. We reviewed the medical records of childhood-onset GD cases retrospectiv...

Despite advances in the capacity to predict the evolution of the El Niño–southern oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and advances in understanding the influence of ENSO on rainfall in tropical regions such as Sri Lanka, there has been limited use of climate predictions for agricultural decision-making. Climatic fluctuations have a profound influence on the cultivation of crops such as rice, which is...

Objective. Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and fastest increasing of all cancers in both men and women in the United States. Traditionally, differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) carries a good prognosis when diagnosed early, but increasingly patients are presenting with late-stage disease and bone metastasis which carries a poor prognosis. Treatment of DTC involves surgical...

BACKGROUND Isomerism is associated with a complex spectrum of anomalies. There is paucity of data on prenatally detected cases. METHODS AND RESULTS Between January 1990 and February 2004, 83 of 166 cases (50%) had a prenatal diagnosis of left isomerism (LAI; 52 of 97) or right isomerism (RAI; 31 of 69) at our institution. The spectrum of anomalies, management, and outcomes was compared for fe...

INTRODUCTION Early and durable achievement of euthyroid or hypothyroid status with low likelihood of relapse is the key to effective treatment of Graves' disease (GD). Although antithyroid drugs (ATDs) are commonly used first-line agents, likelihood of remission remains highest with radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy and surgery. Data regarding efficacy and economical superiority of RAI therapy o...

BACKGROUND To analyze protective/regenerative effects of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) on 131I-Radioiodine (RAI)-induced salivary gland damage in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study population consisted of controls (n:6) and study groups (n:54): RAI (Group 1), ADMSC (Group 2), amifostine (Group 3), RAI+amifostine (Group 4), concomitant RAI+ADMSC (Group 5) and RAI+ADMSC a...