A “ nd as it came, it changed the face of America. Villages which had once prospered because they were ‘on the railroad’ languished with economic anemia; villages on Route 61 bloomed with garages, filling stations, hot-dog stands, chicken dinner restaurants, tearooms, tourists’ rests, camping sites, and affiuence. Slowly, but surely the age of steam was yielding to the gasoline age.’” That quot...

Line type heat detectors (LTHD) are used since many years in road tunnels for reliable fire detection. Today various systems as semiconductor sensor cables, fiber-optic sensor cables, and pneumatic copper tube systems are in use. In addition, after first pilot installations done in the last years, the demand for applications of LTHD in railroad and metro tunnels as well as in underground statio...

We demonstrate the ability of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) sensors to protect large areas from unauthorized activities in railway scenarios such as stations or tunnels. We report on the technological strategy adopted to protect a specific depot, representative of a common scenario for security applications in the railway environment. One of the concerns in the protection of a railway area center...

BACKGROUND A specific problem using the public access defibrillators (PADs) arises at the railway stations. Some countries as Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Norway and Sweden are using AC railroad net power-supply system with rated 16.7 Hz frequency modulated from 15.69 Hz to 17.36 Hz. The power supply frequency contaminates the electrocardiogram (ECG). It is difficult to be suppressed or elimi...

While much has been written about the construction of Guayaquil and Quito railroad, little important connection between subsidiary companies organized by railroad development Ecuadorian Corporation, first modern holding company to be in Ecuador. The objective this article is present history Corporation from its beginnings 1897 with organization Railway Company dissolution 1986 as a result hosti...

A case-control study of lung cancer mortality in U.S. railroad workers in jobs with and without diesel exhaust exposure is reanalyzed using a new threshold regression methodology. The study included 1256 workers who died of lung cancer and 2385 controls who died primarily of circulatory system diseases. Diesel exhaust exposure was assessed using railroad job history from the US Railroad Retirem...

The dynamic performance of a railroad vehicle as related to safety is evaluated in terms of specific performance indices like ride quality. The ride quality is interpreted as the capability of the railroad vehicle suspension to maintain the motion within the range of human comfort and or within the range necessary to ensure that there is no damage to the cargo it carries. The recent trend in dy...

A report exploring alternative methods of extending coverage to the self-employed and to agricultural and domestic employees was recently published by the Division of Tax Research of the Treasury Department? Because of the pertinence of its subject, the Bulletin is reproducing here the introductory section of the report. 1 The Extension of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance to Agricultural and Dom...

This paper discusses the safety challenges faced by railroads in the United States. It discusses and evaluates public policy dealing with trespassing, grade crossing collisions, occupational injuries and operational accidents. The primary conclusion is that the government oversight body, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), should take on the role of teacher and risk analyst rather than t...

T H E P R O M I N E N C E given i n recent months to pro posals for the establishment of a comprehensive system of d isabi l i ty insurance emphasizes the distinction i n t h a t respect between the Rai l road Retirement A c t and old ago and survivors insurance under the Social Security A c t . W h i l e bo th provide protection to workers who w i t h d r a w permanently from the labor m a r k...