The effects of the non-fumigant nematicide imicyafos on soil nematode community structure and damage to radish caused by Pratylenchus penetrans were evaluated in two field experiments in consecutive years (2007 and 2008). Nematode densities in soil at 0 10 cm (the depth of nematicide incorporation) and 10 30 cm were measured. The application of imicyafos had a significant impact on the density ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play pivotal roles in plant growth, development and stress response. Chromium (Cr) is one of common environmental contaminants possessing potential health hazards to living organisms. To date, little is known about the regulatory roles of miRNAs in response to Cr stress in radish. To systematically identify Cr-responsive miRNAs and their targets ...

Plants contain significant levels of natural phenolic compounds essential for reproduction and growth, as well as defense mechanisms against pathogens. Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is the causal agent of crucifers black rot. Here we showed that genes required for the synthesis, utilization, transportation, and degradation of 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA) are present in Xcc. Xcc rapid...

Raphanus satiuus var. hortensis f. raphanistroides (wild radish: Brassicaceae) is an insect-pollinated wild plant that grows mainly on beaches in East Asia. Starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the allozyme diversity and genetic structure of 25 Japanese and 9 Korean populations of this plant. Although the Korean populations were small, isolated, and patchily distributed, they main...

Weedy species with wide geographical distributions may face strong selection to adapt to new environments, which can lead to adaptive genetic differentiation among populations. However, genetic drift, particularly due to founder effects, will also commonly result in differentiation in colonizing species. To test whether selection has contributed to trait divergence, we compared differentiation ...

Pavlovian olfactory learning in Drosophila produces two genetically distinct forms of intermediate-term memories: anesthesia-sensitive memory, which requires the amnesiac gene, and anesthesia-resistant memory (ARM), which requires the radish gene. Here, we report that ARM is specifically enhanced or inhibited in flies with elevated or reduced serotonin (5HT) levels, respectively. The requiremen...

Diuron and bentazon are very strong inhibitors of the photosynthetic electron transport in isolated radish chloroplasts. The chlorosis producing herbicide SAN 6706 also inhibited the photosystem II dependent oxygen evolution. Aminotriazole had no effect. The inhibitor concentration for 50% inhibition of photosystem II activity was 10-7 m for diuron and 10-4 m for bentazon and SAN 6706 respectiv...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) and polyamines (PAs) regulate various responses to abiotic stress, but their involvement in the regulation of copper (Cu) homeostasis in plants exposed to toxic levels of Cu is poorly understood. This study provides an analysis of the effects of exogenously applied BRs and PAs on radish (Raphanus sativus) plants exposed to toxic concentrations of Cu. The interaction of 24...

17 Desloire, S. et al. (2003) Identification of the fertility restoration locus, Rfo, in radish, as a member of the pentatricopeptide-repeat protein family. EMBO Rep. 4, 588–594 18 Koizuka, N. et al. (2003) Genetic characterization of a pentatricopeptide repeat protein gene, orf687, that restores fertility in the cytoplasmic male-sterile Kosena radish. Plant J. 34, 407–415 19 Kazama, T. and Tor...