Recent clinical and animal studies have shown that collateral artery growth is impaired in the presence of vascular risk factors, including hypertension. Available evidence suggests that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) promote collateral growth in both hypertensive humans and animals; however, the specific mechanisms are not established. This study evaluated the hypothesis that ...

Collateral vessels that develop after coronary artery occlusion demonstrate perivascular inflammation, subintimal hyperplasia, and endothelial proliferation. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that these abnormalities are associated with evidence for increased production of vasodilator prostaglandins. Eight dogs were studied 4-6 months after occlusion of the anterior descending cor...

We tested the hypothesis that blood flow through cerebral collateral vessels is lower in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) than in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and during maximal vasodilatation. Cerebral blood flow, measured with microspheres, was similar in adult male SHRSP and WKY under control conditions. In both strain...

We describe a case of chronic total occlusion of the right coronary artery ostium 5 months after a repeated Bentall procedure in a patient with Behçet's disease. In this patient, an antegrade approach to delivering the guidewire during percutaneous coronary intervention was not successful. Coronary angiography revealed the existence of collateral blood supply from the left coronary artery. Usin...

Stimulation of collateral artery growth in patients has been hitherto unsuccessful, despite promising experimental approaches. Circulating monocytes are involved in the growth of collateral arteries, a process also referred to as arteriogenesis. Patients show a large heterogeneity in their natural arteriogenic response on arterial obstruction. We hypothesized that circulating cell transcriptome...

Collateral status is an independent predictor of stroke outcome. However, the spatiotemporal manner in which collateral flow maintains cerebral perfusion during cerebral ischemia is poorly understood. Diabetes exacerbates ischemic brain damage, although the impact of diabetes on collateral dynamics remains to be established. Using Doppler optical coherent tomography, a robust recruitment of lep...

We congratulate Rao et al. (1) for a comprehensive study, related to a much needed grey area in the management of cardiovascular disease in an overtly underrepresented cohort. The authors have identified radial artery spasm (RAS) as the major reason for conversion of radial to femoral access in women (crossovers [COs]), which is a well-recognized and inevitable complication of transradial inter...

Recent clinical and animal studies have shown that collateral artery growth is impaired in the presence of vascular risk factors, including hypertension. Available evidence suggests that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) promote collateral growth in both hypertensive humans and animals; however, the specific mechanisms are not established. This study evaluated the hypothesis that ...

Background. In acute myocardial infarction, residual flow to the infarct zone either through antegrade flow in the infarct-related coronary artery or collateral flow from the non-infarct-related arteries is often present before reperfusion therapy. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of antegrade flow in the infarct-related artery and/or collateral flow to the infarct zone bef...

BACKGROUND The evaluation of new therapeutic modalities to induce collateral growth in coronary artery disease require improved methods of angiographic characterization of collaterals, which should be validated by quantitative assessment of collateral function. METHODS AND RESULTS In 100 patients with total chronic occlusion of a major coronary artery (duration >2 weeks) collaterals were asse...