Nucleotide variation in eight effectively unlinked genes was surveyed in species-wide samples of the closely related outbreeding species Arabidopsis halleri and A. lyrata ssp. petraea and in three of these genes in A. lyrata ssp. lyrata and A. thaliana. Significant genetic differentiation was observed more frequently in A. l. petraea than in A. halleri. Average estimates of nucleotide variation...

This study investigated the bending moment resistance of T-type, two-pin dowel joints connected with Scotch pine (Pinus slyvestris), beech (Fagus orientalis), chestnut (Castanea sativa) and oak (Quercus petraea) reinforced basalt glass woven fabric. The tests was carried out to determine joints. As a result test, it determined that one layer two surfaces reinforce fiber fabrics increases mechan...

Tree species differ in their physiological responses to drought, but the underlying causes are often unclear. Here we explored of radial growth centennial drought events and sap flow (Fs) seasonal four mixed forests on either moist or drier sites northwestern Switzerland. While diffuse-porous (Fagus sylvatica, Prunus avium, Tilia platyphyllos) showed marked reductions 1976 2003, two known marke...